英和和英

語源

From Old French fraudulence, from Latin fraudulentia (“deceitfulness, disposition to defraud; fraudulence”), from fraudulentus (“deceitful, fraudulent”) + -ia (suffix forming abstract nouns). Fraudulentus is derived from fraus (“deceit, fraud”) (from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrew- (“to mislead”)) + -ulentus (“abounding in, full of”).

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈfɹɔː.djʊ.l(ə)ns/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈfɹɔ.d͡ʒə.ləns/
• ハイフネーション: fraud‧u‧lence

名詞

fraudulence (countable and uncountable, plural fraudulences)

1. The condition of being fraudulent; deceitfulness.

   Synonyms: duplicity, fraudulency, trickery; see also Thesaurus:deceit

   • 1759 May 5, Samuel Johnson, “[The Idler]”, in The Universal Chronicle, or, Weekly Gazette, number 55, [London]: [J. Payne], →OCLC; republished in The Works of Samuel Johnson, new edition, volume VII, London: Printed for T[homas] Longman et al., 1796, page 223:

     I ſuppoſe ſome of my friends, to whom I read the firſt part, gave notice of my deſign, and, perhaps, ſold the treacherous intelligence at a higher price than the fraudulence of trade will now allow me for my book.

   • 2012 January 7, B. R. Myers, “Dynasty, North Korean-style”, in The New York Times‎, archived from the original on 8 January 2012:

     We should therefore not make too much of the fraudulence of all that on-screen wailing. Just because North Korean TV never films anything before rehearsing all spontaneity out of it does not mean the average citizen was unmoved.

   • 2015, Elizabeth Hass, Terry Christensen, Peter J. Haas, Projecting Politics: Political Messages in American Films, 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.; Abingdon, Oxon.: Routledge, →ISBN, page 280:

     Among other fraudulences, Enron perfected the art of “mark to market” accounting, tagging mere estimates of future profits as actual on-the-books assets.

関連する語

Further reading

• fraud on Wikipedia.Wikipedia