Wiktionary英語版
出典：Wiktionary
porcus
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/03/15 03:45 UTC 版)
語源
From Proto-Italic *porkos, from Proto-Indo-European *pórḱos (“young pig”). Cognate with 古期英語 fearh (“piglet”). More at farrow. Compare also Ancient Greek πόρκος (pórkos).
発音
- (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈpɔr.kʊs]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈpɔr.kus]
名詞
porcus m (genitive porcī); second declension
- a piglet, a young pig
- (more generally) a pig, hog
- short for porcus marīnus (“sea-hog, mereswine, porpoise”)
- (derogatory) glutton, pig
- female genitalia
使用する際の注意点
- For the semantic shift of “pig” to “female genitalia”, compare the same Ancient Greek use of χοῖρος (khoîros).
語形変化
Second-declension noun.
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | porcus | porcī |
| genitive | porcī | porcōrum |
| dative | porcō | porcīs |
| accusative | porcum | porcōs |
| ablative | porcō | porcīs |
| vocative | porce | porcī |
同意語
- (pig): sūs
下位語
- scrōfa (sow; female pig)
派生語
- caput porcī (“a wedge-shaped battle formation”)
- porca
- porcārius
- porcaster
- porcella
- porcellīnus
- porcelliō
- porcellus
- porcetra
- *porcīle (Vulgar Latin)
- porcilia
- porciliāris
- porcīnārium
- porcīnārius
- porcīnus
- *porcopiscis (“pig-fish, porpoise”) (Vulgar Latin)
- porcula
- porculātiō
- porculātor
- porculus
- porcus marīnus (“sea-hog, mereswine, porpoise”)
- subulcus
派生した語
- Balkan Romance:
- Aromanian: porcu, porc
- Istro-Romanian: porc
- Megleno-Romanian: porc, porcu, puorc
- Romanian: porc
- Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: porcu, polcu, procu
- Italo-Romance:
- Corsican: porcu
- Gallurese: porcu
- Sassarese: porcu
- Dalmatian: puarc
- Italian: porco
- Neapolitan: puorco
- Sicilian: porcu
- Corsican: porcu
- North Italian:
- Emilian: pôrz, pôrch, pōrc
- Ligurian: pòrco
- Friulian: porc ⇒ purcit
- Piedmontese: pors, peurc ⇒ porcòt, porchèt
- Romansh: portg, piertg (Sursilan, Sutsilvan), püerch (Puter, Vallader), piertg, portg (Rumantsch Grischun, Surmiran), püerch (Puter, Vallader)
- → Alemannic German: Porgge (presumably)
- Venetan: porco
- Gallo-Romance:
- Catalan: porc
- Occitan: pòrc
- Old French: porc (see there for further descendants)
- Ibero-Romance:
- Old Leonese: , porco
- Asturian: puercu (“dirty”)
- Mirandese: puorco
- Old Galician-Portuguese: porco
- Fala: porco
- Galician: porco
- Portuguese: porco (see there for further descendants)
- Spanish: puerco
- Old Leonese: , porco
参照
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “porcus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 481
Further reading
- “porcus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “porcus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- "porcus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- “porcus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
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