英和和英

名詞

punctator (複数形 punctators)

1. One who marks with points, especially in writing Hebrew.
   • 2000, David G. Lockwood; Peter H. Fries; James E. Copeland, Functional Approaches to Language, Culture and Cognition:

     In the Hebrew notation the one dot for [i] and the two dots for [e] go back to the Nestorian punctators; but in Hebrew they are used exclusively to stand for these vowel

2. An official charged with keeping track of attendance at religious services.
   • 1892, James Luke Meagher, Christ's Kingdom on Earth, page 491:

     The punctator calls their names and keeps an account of the absent.

   • 1906, Ethelred Luke Taunton, The Law of the Church, page 536:

     The punctator must note as absent those who come to mass after the last Kyrie, those who do not chant, those who talk or who wander about in the choir, who leave beforre the end of mass, and those who do not wear the choral dress.

   • 2005, Juan José Carreras López, ‎Bernardo José García García, ‎Tess Knighton, The Royal Chapel in the Time of the Habsburgs:

     In collegiate churches it was often one of the singers who performed the role of punctator, and he sent his report to the maître de chapelle or the chapter as a whole.

3. A secretary for a choir who copied music and often pointed to the correct note during practice.
   • 1908, Ernest Oldmeadow, Great Musicians, page 103:

     Their "punctator," or secretary, was a Spaniard, Cristofano de Hoyeda, whose recording of a protest against Palestrina's admission to the choir has already been mentioned.

   • 2001, Daniel Mendoza de Arce, Music in Ibero-America to 1850: A Historical Survey, page 102:

     Choirbooks were placed around the facistol or big podium, allowing the singers to be grouped around them. A punctator – who also doubled as music copyist and choirbook archivist – would point to the notes to be sung with a long stick.

   • 2013, Clara Marvin, Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina: A Research Guide, page 274:

     Transcription of the Sistine diary entries made for the year 1594 by the punctator Ippolito Gambocci. Particularly notable here for their notices of Palestrina's death, funeral, and memorial services, they are also a valuable record of the lives of the singers, the daily services and activities of the choir, and the events associated with the appointment of new members and, in this case, a maestro di cappella.

4. One who punctuates.
   • 1867, Wilhelm Martin Leberecht De Wette, A Critical and Historical Introduction to the Canonical Scriptures of the Old Testament, page 500:

     But the statement of another inquirer, equally learned, "that the punctators borrowed their punctuation from the Arabic," shows how little force this proposition has.

   • 1989, Syracuse University Library Associates Courier, page 72:

     For what does a punctator do, if not carve up the written line for intellectual consumption?

   • 1997, The Courier - Volume 32, page 147:

     Puncatators will note with pelasure that experiments in automatic parsing are more highly successful (up to 50 percent in some cases) when punctuation is present.