Shroffとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

A British Indian variant of saraf, from Urdu صراف‎ (sarrāf) and Persian صراف‎ (sarâf), from Arabic صَرَّاف‎ (ṣarrāf).

発音

• (英国発音) IPA^(key): /ʃɹɒf/
• (米国発音) IPA^(key): /ʃɹɔf/, /ʃɹɑf/
• 韻: -ɒf, -ɔf, -ɑf

名詞

shroff (複数形 shroffs)

1. (India) A provider of financial services, especially a small-scale independent banker or money changer or (historical) a local expert at detecting bad coin.
   • 1618, cited in William Foster, The English Factories in India..., page 8:

     The sheraffs are poore and begerly.

   • 1698, John Fryer, “Views the Malabar and Canatick Coasts up to Bombaim”, in A New Account of East-India and Persia, in Eight Letters. Being Nine Years Travels, Begun 1672. And Finished 1681. […], London: […] R[obert] R[oberts] for Ri[chard] Chiswell, letter I (Containing a Twelve Month’s Voyage Through Divers Climates), page 52:

     Amongſt whom were Shroffs, or Money-changers.

   • 1816, 'Quiz', The Grand Master..., canto ii, ll. 18 f.:

     The breakfast soon dispatch'd, they're off,
     To borrow money from a shroff.

   • 1888, Rudyard Kipling, ‘The Broken-Link Handicap’, Plain Tales from the Hills, fol. 2005, page 110:

     Racing leads to the shroff quicker than anything else.

2. (Hong Kong) A cashier, especially for a car park.
   • 1950 November 3, South China Morning Post, page 7:

     An assistant shroff of the Queen Mary Hospital faced Mr. J. Reynolds at Central yesterday charged with the larceny of $10.

   • 2006 July 29, South China Morning Post, page 12:

     It is a source of endless fascination to newcomers to Hong Kong to observe types of employment in the city rarely seen in other parts of the world. Where, away from here, would you come across a shroff, for example?

3. (Hong Kong) Short for shroff office: the office of a shroff at a car park, etc.

上位語

• banker, usurer, money changer, cashier

派生語

• Shroff, shroff office, shroff-shop

動詞

shroff (三人称単数 現在形 shroffs, 現在分詞 shroffing, 過去形および過去分詞形 shroffed)

1. (India, transitive) To act as a shroff, especially (historical) to inspect coins to detect debasement, counterfeits, clipping, etc. for a commission.
   • 1757 July 7, Robert Clive, letter, cited in John Malcolm, Life of Robert, Lord Clive, Vol. I, page 278:

     I represented... that the money could not be divided till it was shroffed.

   • 1906 April 14, Saturday Review, page 451:

     The potential revenues of China are immense, but they are ‘shroffed’... by every hand through which they pass.

派生語

• shroffage, shroffing school

参照

• “shroff, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1914.