英和和英

語源

From trēs +‎ virī. Compare triumvirī.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈtreːs.wɪ.riː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈtrɛz.vi.ri]

名詞

trēsvirī m pl (genitive trēsvirōrum); second declension

1. three men holding an office together, or associated in public business, a board of three, three joint commissioners; especially:
   1. as overseers of prisons and streets nightlife
      • c. 190 BCE – 185 BCE, Plautus, Amphitryon 155:

        Quid faciam nunc, si tres viri me in carcerem compegerint?

        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

      • c. 186 BCE, Plautus, Aulularia 3.2.2:

        Redi. Quo fugis nunc? Tene, tene. ― Quid, stolide, clamas? — Quia ad tris viros iam ego deferam nomen tuom.

        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   2. as inferior priests: trēsvirī epulōnēs (sometimes given as triumvirī epulōnēs)
      • 55 BCE, Cicero, De Oratore 3.19.73:

        Sed ut pontifices veteres propter sacrificiorum multitudinem tris viros epulones esse voluerunt, cum essent ipsi a Numa, ut etiam illud ludorum epulare sacrificium facerent, […]

        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   3. as commissioners to distribute land among Roman colonists
      • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 32.2.6:

        Et Narniensium legatis querentibus ad numerum sibi colonos non esse et immixtos quosdam non sui generis pro colonis se gerere, earum rerum causa tresviros creare L. Cornelius consul iussus.

        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

      • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 39.44.10:

        Diviserunt agrum coloniasque deduxerunt iidem tresviri, Q. Fabius Labeo, et M. et Q. Fuluii, Flaccus et Nobilior.

        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

      • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 40.29.2:

        Colonia Graviscae eo anno deducta est in agrum Etruscum, de Tarquiniensibus quondam captum. Quina iugera agri data; tresviri deduxerunt C. Calpurnius Piso P. Claudius Pulcher C. Terentius Istra.

        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

        ; cf. also under Treveri.
   4. as officers of the mint
      • 62 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, Epistulae ad Familiares 7.13.3, (here a pun on the Trevīrī):

        Sed, ut ego quoque te aliquid admoneam de vestris cautionibus, Treviros vites censeo: audio capitales esse; mallem auro, argento, aeri essent. Sed alias iocabimur.

        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

語形変化

Second-declension noun, plural only.

関連する語

• triumvir

Further reading

• “tresviri”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “tresviri”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.