Wiktionary英語版

出典：Wiktionary

caballus

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/05/05 18:58 UTC 版)

ラテン語

語源

    Uncertain; often cited as borrowed from Gaulish *kaballos, from Proto-Celtic *kaballos, perhaps ultimately an Asiatic borrowing or Wanderwort, compare Ancient Greek καβάλλης (kabállēs, “nag”), Proto-Slavic *kobýla (“mare”), Persian کول (kaval, “second class horse of mixed blood”), and possibly Karakhanid kevel (at) (“well-bred fast (horse)”).

    Alternatively, borrowed alongside Greek from Proto-Iranian *kabah, *kabalah, compare Khotanese [script needed] (kabä, “horse”), Persian کول (kaval), and possibly cognate with Latin cabō (“gelding”), perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kebʰ- (“worn-out horse, nag”).

    発音

    名詞

    caballus m (genitive caballī); second declension

    1. pack-horse, jade, hack
    2. nag

    使用する際の注意点

    • In Classical Latin, the word equus is used for a horse, and caballus is used only by poets. It is only later, in Vulgar and Late Latin, that caballus appears in prose. The young were called pullus, hence Spanish potro or Italian poltro.

    語形変化

    Second-declension noun.

    singular plural
    nominative caballus caballī
    genitive caballī caballōrum
    dative caballō caballīs
    accusative caballum caballōs
    ablative caballō caballīs
    vocative caballe caballī

    派生語

    • caballa
    • caballārius
    • caballātiō
    • caballicō
    • caballinus
    • caballiō
    • cavallus

    派生した語

    • Balkan Romance:
      • Aromanian: cal
      • Istro-Romanian: kå
      • Megleno-Romanian: cal
      • Romanian: cal
    • Italo-Romance:
      • Corsican: cavaddu, cavallu
        Gallurese: cabaddu, caddu
      • Dalmatian: caval, cavul
      • Italian: cavallo
        • → Alemannic German: Kawall
        • → Greek: καβάλος (kaválos)
      • Sicilian: cavaḍḍu
    • Insular Romance:
      • Sardinian: cabaddu, cavaddu, covaddu, caaddu, caddu, caddu, cuaddu
    • North Italian:
      • Gallo-Italic:
        • Emilian: cavàl, cavâl
        • Ligurian: cavallo
        • Old Lombard: cavel
          • Lombard: càal
        • Old Piedmontese: cavèu
          • Piedmontese: caval
        • Romagnol: cavàl, caval
      • Friulian: cjaval, čhaval (alternative orthography)
      • Istriot: caval
      • Ladin: ciaval
      • Romansh: chaval, cavagl, tgavagl, tgaval, chavagl
      • Venetan: cavało ⇒ cavałeto
        • → Greek: καβάλα (kavála), καβαλέτο (kavaléto)
    • Gallo-Romance:
      • Franco-Provençal: chevâl
      • Old French: cheval (see there for further descendants)
    • Occitano-Romance:
      • Catalan: cavall
      • Gascon: cavalh, cavath
      • Occitan: caval
    • Ibero-Romance:
      • Aragonese: cavallo, cavall
      • Extremaduran: cavallu
      • Old Leonese:
        • Asturian: caballu
        • Leonese: caballu, cabalu
        • Mirandese: cabalho
      • Old Galician-Portuguese: cavalo
        • Fala: cabalu
        • Galician: cabalo
        • Portuguese: cavalo (see there for further descendants)
      • Old Spanish: cavallo
        • Ladino: kavayo
        • Spanish: caballo (see there for further descendants)
    • Borrowings:
      • → Proto-Albanian: *kəβal
        • Albanian: kalë

    参照

    1. ^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003), “caballos”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 96
    2. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “6l1”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page καβάλλης
    3. ^ Sakhno, Serguei (2017–2018), “Chapter XIII: Slavic”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Slavic, page 1582
    4. ^ Simon, Zsolt (2005), “Die Etymologie von caballus”, in Calboli, Gualtiero, editor, Latina Lingua! Proceedings of the Twelfth International Colloquium on Latin Linguistics (Bologna, 9-14 June 2003), Roma, pages 405-416
    5. ^ Hyllested, Adam (2014), Word Exchange at the Gates of Europe: Five Millennia of Language Contact (PhD. dissertation)‎, Copenhagen: University of Copenhagen, pages 91-97
    6. ^ “caballus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    7. ^ “caballus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    8. ^ "caballus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
    9. ^ “caballus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
    調べた例文を記録して、効率よく覚えましょう
    Weblio会員無料で登録できます
    履歴機能 過去に調べた単語を確認できる
    語彙力診断 診断回数が4回に増加
    マイ単語帳 便利な学習機能付き
    マイ例文帳 文章で意味を理解できる
    Weblio会員登録(無料)はこちらから▶

    caballusのページの著作権