英和和英

名詞

dysanapsis (uncountable)

1. Disproportionate size or growth of the airways in comparison with the lung parenchyma.
   • 1974, Green, Malcolm; Mead, Jere; Turner, James M., “Variability of maximum expiratory flow-volume curves”, in J Appl Physiol, volume 37, number 1, DOI:10.1152/jappl.1974.37.1.67, PMID 4836570, pages 67–74:

     In other words, parenchyma could be to some extent molded according to the environment (airways かつ chest) in which it is forming, whereas this seems relatively less likely for the tracheobronchial tree itself. At any rate within normal individuals there seems to be opportunity for physiological variation in the geometry of the tracheobronchial tree and parenchyma due to different patterns of embryonic growth. We searched for a term to describe this type of growth pattern and were not able to find one. We therefore suggest the word "dys-anaptic" (from the Greek dys = unequal, かつ anaptixy = growth) to indicate the concept of a growth pattern which may, within limits, occur disproportionately between constituent parts of an organ while allowing normal physiological function of the whole.

   • 2017, Thompson, Bruce R., “Dysanapsis—once believed to be a physiological curiosity—is now clinically important”, in Am J Respir Crit Care Med, volume 195, number 3, DOI:10.1164/rccm.201609-1959ED, PMID 28145760, pages 277-278:

     The concept of the disproportionate growth between lung size and airway caliber was termed "dysanaptic growth" by Green and colleagues in 1974 […] This is all physiologically interesting; however, is it clinically important? In this edition of the Journal, Forno and colleagues (pp. 314–323) present a comprehensive study looking at the question of whether airway dysanapsis is associated with asthma morbidity in obese children.

   • 2020, Benjamin M. Smith, Miranda Kirby, Eric A. Hoffman, et al, “Association of dysanapsis with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among older adults”, in JAMA, volume 323, number 22, DOI:10.1001/jama.2020.6918, PMID 32515814, pages 2268-2280:

     Question: Is dysanapsis, a mismatch of airway tree caliber to lung size, associated with subsequent risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? […] Meaning: Among older adults, dysanapsis appears to be a risk factor associated with COPD. […] Dysanapsis refers to a mismatch of airway tree caliber to lung size and was initially inferred from variation in spirometry among healthy adults.

関連する語

• dysanaptic