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glacies

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/02/28 13:11 UTC 版)

ラテン語

別の表記

語源

    Of uncertain origin.

    Attested from Varro onwards. The ending is -iēs (noun-forming suffix), and the initial element is traditionally compared to gelū (“frost”), from Proto-Indo-European *gel-u-, from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“to freeze”). Nevertheless, per De Vaan, there is no apparent way to derive glaciēs from the latter.

    Lewis & Short proposed a connection with Ancient Greek γάλα (gála, “milk”), noting also the verb γλαγάω (glagáō, “to be milky”). The implication that glaciēs is related to lac (“milk”) is neither semantically nor phonologically convincing.

    This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

    発音

    名詞

    glaciēs f (genitive glaciēī); fifth declension

    1. ice
    2. (figuratively) hardness

    語形変化

    Fifth-declension noun.

    singular plural
    nominative glaciēs glaciēs
    genitive glaciēī glaciērum
    dative glaciēī glaciēbus
    accusative glaciem glaciēs
    ablative glaciē glaciēbus
    vocative glaciēs glaciēs

    派生語

    • glaciālis
    • glaciārium
    • glaciō

    派生した語

    Direct reflexes:

    • Ibero-Romance:
      • Asturian: llaz
      • Leonese: yaz

    Reflexes of an assumed *glacium/-a (compare Late Latin glacia):

    • Balkano-Romance:
      • Aromanian: gljets n, gljatsã f
      • Istro-Romanian: gľåțĕ f
      • Megleno-Romanian: gľets f
      • Romanian: gheață f
    • Italo-Dalmatian:
      • Dalmatian: glas m
      • Istriot: giasso m
      • Italian: ghiaccio m, ghiaccia f
        • → Sicilian: ghiacciu m
      • Venetan: giaso m
    • Rhaeto-Romance:
      • Friulian: glaç m, glace f
      • Ladin: dlacia f
      • Romansh: glatsch m
    • Gallo-Italic:
      • Emilian: giazz m, giâz m
      • Ligurian: giàsso, giàssa
      • Old Lombard: giaçça
        • Lombard: giass m
      • Piedmontese: giassa f
    • Gallo-Romance:
      • Catalan: glaç m, glaça f
      • Franco-Provençal: gllace f
      • Occitan: glaç m, glaça f
      • Old French: glace f (see there for further descendants)
    • Ibero-Romance:
      • Galician: lazo m
    • ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *glaciārium (see there for further descendants)

    参照

    1. ^ Weiss, Michael L. (2009), Outline of the Historical and Comparative Grammar of Latin‎, Ann Arbor: Beech Stave Press, →ISBN, § V, page 323
    2. ^ Ernout, Alfred; Meillet, Antoine (1985), “glacies”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine: histoire des mots (in French), 4th edition, with additions and corrections of Jacques André, Paris: Klincksieck, published 2001, page 275
    3. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “glaciēs”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 263
    4. ^ Weiss, Michael L. (2009), Outline of the Historical and Comparative Grammar of Latin‎, Ann Arbor: Beech Stave Press, →ISBN, § V, page 323
    5. ^ “glacies”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press

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