出典:Wiktionary
From Ancient Greek καταβολή (katabolḗ, “throwing down”), from κατά (katá, “down”) + βάλλω (bállō, “I throw”).
catabolism (usually uncountable, 複数形 catabolisms)
出典:Wikipedia
出典:『Wikipedia』 (2011/07/12 13:07 UTC 版)
Catabolism (Greek kata = downward + ballein = to throw) is the set of pathways that break down molecules into smaller units and release energy. In catabolism, large molecules such as polysaccharides, lipids, nucleic acids and proteins are broken down into smaller units such as monosaccharides, fatty acids, nucleotides, and amino acids, respectively. As molecules such as polysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acids are made from long chains of these small monomer units (mono = one + mer = part), the large molecules are called polymers (poly = many).