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• plectron

語源

Borrowed from Latin plēctrum, from Ancient Greek πλῆκτρον (plêktron, “anything to strike with, an instrument for striking the lyre, a spear point”), from πλήσσειν (plḗssein, “to strike, to smite, to sting”).

発音

• IPA: /ˈplɛk.tɹəm/

名詞

plectrum (plural plectrums or plectra)

1. (music) A small piece of plastic, metal, ivory, etc., for plucking the strings of a guitar, lyre, mandolin, etc.

   Synonyms: guitar pick, pick, (obsolete) plectre

   • 1854 August 9, Henry D[avid] Thoreau, “Winter Animals”, in Walden; or, Life in the Woods, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor and Fields, →OCLC, page 292:

     For sounds in winter nights, and often in winter days, I heard the forlorn but melodious note of a hooting owl indefinitely far; such a sound as the frozen earth would yield if struck with a suitable plectrum, the very lingua vernacula of Walden Wood, and quite familiar to me at last, though I never saw the bird while it was making it.

2. (anatomy, zoology) A projection of bone or other stiff tissue, such as the ridges in some insects' stridulatory organs.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈpɫeːk.trũː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈplɛk.trum]

名詞

plēctrum n (genitive plēctrī); second declension

1. a plectrum; tool for playing a stringed instrument
2. a lyre, lute

語形変化

Second-declension noun (neuter).

派生した語

• → English: plectrum
• → French: plectre
• → German: Plektrum
• → Italian: plettro
• → Portuguese: plectro
• → Spanish: plectro

Further reading

• “plectrum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “plectrum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "plectrum", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “plectrum”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “plectrum”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “plectrum”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin