英和和英

語源

From Latin affinis (“connected with”).

発音

• IPA: /əˈfaɪn/
• 韻: -aɪn

形容詞

affine (comparative more affine, superlative most affine)

1. (not comparable, mathematics) Assigning finite values to finite quantities.
2. (not comparable, geometry) Of or pertaining to a function expressible as ${\displaystyle f({\vec {x}})=A{\vec {x}}+{\vec {b}}}$ (where ${\displaystyle A}$ is a linear transformation and ${\displaystyle {\vec {b}}}$ is a constant), which, regarded as a transformation, maps parallel lines to parallel lines and finite points to finite points.
   • 1986, Patrick J. Ryan, Euclidean and Non-Euclidean Geometry: An Analytic Approach, Cambridge University Press, page 44:

     Now, let P, Q, and R be three noncollinear points that are left fixed by an affine transformation T.

   • 1987, Neal Koblitz, A Course in Number Theory and Cryptography, Springer, page 81:

     In our example of the affine cryptosystem family, deciphering is also accomplished by an affine map, namely ${\displaystyle P\equiv a^{-1}C-a^{-1}b{\bmod {N}}}$, and so the deciphering transformation uses the same algorithm as the enciphering transformation, except with a different key, namely, the pair ${\displaystyle (a^{-1},-a^{-1}b)}$.

   • 2006, Charalambos D. Aliprantis, Kim C. Border, Infinite Dimensional Analysis: A Hitchhiker's Guide, 3rd edition, Springer, page 256:

     Clearly every linear functional is affine, and every affine function is both convex and concave.

3. (comparable, chemistry) Of two materials, having mutual affinity.

派生語

関連する語

• affinity

名詞

affine (plural affines)

1. (anthropology, genealogy) A relative by marriage.

   Synonym: in-law

   • 1970 [Routledge and Kegan Paul], Raymond Firth, Jane Hubert, Anthony Forge, Families and Their Relatives: Kinship in a Middle-Class Sector of London, 2006, Taylor & Francis (Routledge), page 135,

     The element of personal idiosyncracy may be expected to be most marked in regard to affines (i.e. those related by marriage) and particularly with the consanguines of affines, who are linked by still more tenuous bonds. There are many possible degrees of affinal relationship here, but broadly affines separate into two main types: spouse of consanguine of Ego, and consanguine of spouse of Ego—exemplified by my brother's wife, and my wife's brother.

   • 1997, Webb Keane, Signs of Recognition: Powers and Hazards of Representation in an Indonesian Society, University of California Press, page 51:

     In contrast to bonds of kaḅisu membership, which require ritual maintenance and can produce intense factional rivalries, and those of affines, which demand ongoing exchanges, unmediated relations of blood are created by nothing more than physical procreation. […] People's ability to swivel between these two rhetorical possibilities reflects the inherent tension that lies between affines, who are both others and extensions of oneself.

   • 2004, Irving Goldman, Cubeo Hehénewa Religious Thought, Columbia University Press, page 64:

     For the Cubeo the Vekürüwá and Okómiwa were, as they say, designated to be their affines, in a manner that was calculated to emphasize their similarities rather than the formal differences that set contemporary intermarriages apart. I suspect that Cubeo themselves sense that an excessive intimacy with the contingent of affines may have been suitable for a formative period of still ambiguous distinctions, but not for the real social world.

派生語

• co-affine

関連する語

• affinal

動詞

affine (third-person singular simple present affines, present participle affining, simple past and past participle affined)

1. (transitive) To refine.
   • 2016, Romain Jeantet, Thomas Croguennec, Pierre Schuck, Handbook of Food Science and Technology 3, page 360:

     The next stage is remelting: the affined sugar is dissolved in hot water and the syrup formed is made alkaline by adding milk of lime.

2. (computing, transitive) To set the CPU affinity of something
   • 2005, M. Annavaram, E. Grochowski, J. Shen, “Mitigating Amdahls Law through EPI Throttling”, in 32nd International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA'05)‎, Madison, WI, USA: IEEE, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 298–309:

     affined the sequential regions to run only on CPU 0

   • 2013, Zi Guo Fan, Rong Liang Wang, Peng Hao Yang, “Study and Simulation of CPU Priority Scheduling Algorithm on Multi-Core Processor Platform”, in Advanced Materials Research‎, volumes 694-697, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 2540–2544:

     the affined CPU will be randomly allocated

   • 2015 June, Raphael Eidenbenz, Thanikesavan Sivanthi, Aurelien Monot, Jun Liu, “Real-time network traffic handling in FASA”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)‎, IEEE, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 1–10:

     we also affined all interrupts to CPU cores that are not allocated to FASA