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-endus

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/05/15 20:28 UTC )


語源

Possibly inherited from Proto-Italic *-ēntnos / *-entnos, see -undus. As with the present participle ending ns, -ent-, the vocalism with -en- for gerundives of third-conjugation verbs is based on generalization of a PIE zero-grade *-n̥-. For second-conjugation verbs, -end- instead represents stem-final vowel -ē- + -nd- with regular shortening of a vowel before the cluster -nd-; compare 1st-conjugation -andus.

Cognates include Umbrian *-𐌄𐌍𐌔 (*-ens) (as attested in 𐌀𐌍𐌚𐌄𐌓𐌄𐌍𐌄𐌓 (anferener, genitive singular gerundive)).

接尾辞

-endus

  1. ending of the future passive participle (gerundive) of second-, third- and fourth-conjugation verbs

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative -endus -enda -endum -endī -endae -enda
genitive -endī -endae -endī -endōrum -endārum -endōrum
dative -endō -endae -endō -endīs
accusative -endum -endam -endum -endōs -endās -enda
ablative -endō -endā -endō -endīs
vocative -ende -enda -endum -endī -endae -enda

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