英和和英

語源

Borrowed from French espalier, from Italian spalliera, from spalla (“shoulder”).

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ɪˈspalɪə/, /-ˈpæl.i.eɪ/, /ɛs-/
• (米国発音) IPA: /ɪˈspæl.jɚ/, /-jeɪ/, /ɛsˈpæl-/

名詞

espalier (plural espaliers)

1. A latticework used to shape or train the branches of a tree or shrub into a two-dimensional ornamental or useful design, as along a wall or fence.
   • 1974, Lawrence Durrell, Monsieur, Faber & Faber, published 1992, page 223:

     The garment stalls carried the traditional blue vine-dressers' outfits, sunhats, and the great willow pitchforks grown in espalier at villages like Sauve.

2. A plant that has been shaped in this manner.
   • 1915 April, F. J. Smiley, “The alpine and subapline vegetation of the Lake Tahoe region”, in Botanical Gazette, volume 59, page 265:

     It is on this rocky surface that one finds many of the growth forms associated with extreme life conditions: polsters, mat plants, espaliers.

3. A row of plants that have been shaped in this manner.
   • 1886, Gustave Flaubert, chapter XII, in Eleanor Marx-Aveling, transl., Madame Bovary: Provincial Manners […], London: Vizetelly & Co., […], →OCLC, part II, page 218:

     Often some night-animal, hedgehog or weasel, setting out on the hunt, disturbed the lovers, or sometimes they heard a ripe peach falling all alone from the espalier.

動詞

espalier (third-person singular simple present espaliers, present participle espaliering, simple past and past participle espaliered)

1. (transitive) To train a plant in this manner.

参考

• arborsculpture
• bonsai
• topiary

アナグラム

• pearlies