Wiktionary英語版
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saxum
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/06/28 02:30 UTC 版)
語源
From Proto-Italic *saksom, further derivation uncertain. The American Heritage Dictionary tentiatively connects it to Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”) (compare Proto-Germanic *sahsą (“knife”)), with a semantic shift from "broken-off piece" to "rock". De Vaan rejects this due to the presence of the vowel a in the Latin word, reasoning that to obtain that vowel in that position, a laryngeal must be posited (that is, the root would have to be **sh₂k-) and that a semantic connection between "rock" and "knife" (as seen in Germanic) is difficult.
発音
- (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈsak.sũː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈsak.sum]
名詞
saxum n (genitive saxī); second declension
- stone, rock (a large, rough fragment of rock)
- Synonyms: lapis, silex, petra
- Aaron Stone, season 1 episode 16:
-
Respōnsum est sub saxō.
- The answer is under the rock.
-
- (by extension) wall of stone
語形変化
Second-declension noun (neuter).
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | saxum | saxa |
| genitive | saxī | saxōrum |
| dative | saxō | saxīs |
| accusative | saxum | saxa |
| ablative | saxō | saxīs |
| vocative | saxum | saxa |
派生語
- saxeus
- saxifragus
- saxum volvō
- Scīrōnia saxa
関連する語
- saxātilis
- saxētum
- saxiālis
- saxifer
- saxificus
- saxifragus
- saxigenus
- saxipērium
- saxitas
- saxōsitās
- saxōsus
- saxulum
派生した語
- Emilian: sâs
- Galician: seixo
- Istriot: sasso
- Italian: sasso
- Ligurian: sàscio
- Old Leonese: sexo
- Portuguese: seixo
- → Spanish: saxo
参照
- “saxum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “saxum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- "saxum", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- “saxum”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- “saxum”, in Samuel Ball Platner (1929), Thomas Ashby, editor, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome, London: Oxford University Press
- ^ The American Heritage Dictionary Indo-European Roots Appendix
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “saxum”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 541
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