Costunolideとは 意味・読み方・使い方

(+)-Costunolide is a sesquiterpene lactone that is synthesized through the mevalonate pathway, seen in Figure 1. The synthesis begins with the cyclization of compound 1 , farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP), which is mediated by a sesquiterpene cyclase, (+)-germacrene A synthase, to form compound 2, (+)-germacryl cation. Inside this same enzyme, a proton is lost to form 3, (+)-germacrene A. The isoprenyl side chain of (+)-germacrene A is then hydroxylated by (+)-germacrene A hydroxylase, which is a cytochrome P450 enzyme, to form 4. NAD(P)⁺ dependent hydrogenase(s) then oxidize 4, germacra-1(10),4,11(13)-trien-12-ol, through the intermediate 5, germacra-1(10),4,11(13)-trien-12-al to form compound 6, germacrene acid. The cyctochrome P450 enzyme, (+)-costunolide synthase, which is a NADPH and O₂ dependent enzyme, then oxidizes germacrene acid to give the alcohol intermediate, 7, which then cyclizes to form the lactone 8, (+)-costunolide.