free electron modelとは 意味・読み方・使い方

In solid-state physics, the free electron model is a simple model for the behaviour of valence electrons in a crystal structure of a metallic solid. It was developed principally by Arnold Sommerfeld who combined the classical Drude model with quantum mechanical Fermi-Dirac statistics and hence it is also known as the Drude–Sommerfeld model. The free electron Empty Lattice Approximation forms the basis of the band structure model known as nearly-free electron model. Given its simplicity, it is surprisingly successful in explaining many experimental phenomena, especially

• the Wiedemann-Franz law which relates electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity;
• the temperature dependence of the heat capacity;
• the shape of the electronic density of states;
• the range of binding energy values;
• electrical conductivities;
• thermal electron emission and field electron emission from bulk metals.