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語源

From 中期英語 humerale, humorale, humoural, from Middle French humoral and Medieval Latin hūmorālis, from Latin hūmor. By surface analysis, humor +‎ -al.

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形容詞

humoral (not comparable)

1. (pathology, physiology) Relating to the body fluids or humours.
   • 2009, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Stefano Chiaramonte, N. Perico, Humoral Immunity in Kidney Transplantation, page 118:

     Both the apocryphal belief in pre-transplant cross-match screening to discard active humoral immune response against the donor and the lack of sensible and reliable markers for detecting AMR give explanation to the surprising fact that AMR was nearly neglected in human renal transplantation during years.

   • 2012, Joseph Lobue, Albert S. Gordon, Humoral Control of Growth And Differentiation, page 52:

     Thus, the demonstration of the presence of: a thymic-lymphocytosis promoting factor in mice (Metcalf, 1958); a humoral lymphocyte stimulating factor in the serum of irradiated rats (Ito and Weinstein, 1963); a thymic lymphopoietic factor, "thymosin" (Goldstein et al., 1966); and a lymphocytosis inducing factor in the plasma of rats treated with antilymphocyte serum (Rakowitz et al., 1972) lend support to this hypothesis. Several other reports in the literature suggest the presence of humoral agents regulating leukocyte numbers.

   • 2015, G. H. Parker, Humoral Agents in Nervous Activity:

     The usual kind of excitation met with in the pancreas is purely humoral and there is no reason to assume that any form of nervous activity is involved in it.

2. (historical) Pertaining to humorism. (The theory of the influence of the humors in the production of disease.)
   • 2019, Amy Kenny, Humoral Wombs on the Shakespearean Stage, page 4:

     By predicating conception on differing humoral temperaments of men and women, medical theorists justified their own subjugation of women by cultivating a distinct female humorality responsible for behavior.

   • 2021, Stephen Taylor, The Humoral Herbal: In Good Humour, page 6:

     The planets are used as symbols in Culpeper's humoral philosophy, and the way he uses them had developed within hermetic philosophy.

   • 2021, Amy Kenny, Kaara L. Peterson, “Introduction—Everyday Humoralism”, in Amy Kenny, Kaara L. Peterson, editor, Humorality in Early Modern Art, Material Culture, and Performance, page 2:

     It is now well recognized that Gelenic humoral theory underpinned early modern medical practices and the maintenance of health, an antique discourse used to describe interiority and emotion: medical practitioners understood "temperament" or psychological and physiological bodily syestems according to a subject's individual balance of four essential humors—yellow bile (or choler), black bile (or melancholy), phlegm, and blood.

派生語