英和和英

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈæb.sə.luː.tɪz.m̩/, /ˈæb.sə.ljuː.tɪz.m̩/
• (米国発音) IPA: /ˈæb.səˌluˌtɪz.m̩/, /ˈæb.səˌljuˌtɪz.m̩/

名詞

absolutism (countable and uncountable, plural absolutisms)

1. (theology) Doctrine of preordination; doctrine of absolute decrees; doctrine that God acts in an absolute manner. [First attested in the mid 18 century.]
2. (political science, sociology) The principles or practice of absolute or arbitrary government; Synonym of despotism. [First attested in the early 19 century.]

   Hyponyms: absolute monarchy, benevolent absolutism, enlightened absolutism, enlightened despotism

   • 1859, John Gorham Palfrey, chapter IV, in History of New England, volume I, page 217:

     The element of absolutism and prelacy was more controlling in the counsels of the rival corporation.

   • 2019, John Gascoigne, Science and the State, page 54:

     As absolutism became more consolidated in Europe, and particularly in France, such nonabsolutist states tended to define themselves in opposition to their absolutist rivals: hence, those features of their government which differed from absolutism tended to be given special prominence.

3. (philosophy) Belief in a metaphysical absolute; belief in Absolute. [First attested in the late 19 century.]
4. Positiveness; the state of being absolute.

   Hyponym: Meiklejohnian absolutism

5. (rare) The characteristic of being absolute in nature or scope; absoluteness.
   • 2003, Ruth R. Wisse, The Modern Jewish Canon: A Journey Through Language, →ISBN:

     It was the absolutism of his ambition to be a perfect writer (and perhaps also the perfect son) that imperiled him.

派生語

参考

参照

Further reading

• “absolutism”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• “absolutism”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.