英和和英

発音

• IPA: /ˈɪz.əm/
• 韻: -ɪzəm

名詞

ism (plural isms)

1. An ideology, system of thought, or practice that can be described by a word ending in -ism.

   Synonym: whateverism

   • 1843, Thomas Carlyle, chapter XV, in Past and Present‎, book 2:

     […] his religion, his worship was like his daily bread to him; — which he did not take the trouble to talk much about; which he merely ate at stated intervals, and lived and did his work upon! This is Abbot Samson’s Catholicism of the Twelfth Century; — something like the Ism of all true men in all true centuries, I fancy! Alas, compared with any of the Isms current in these poor days, what a thing!

   • 1887 August, W[illiam] G[raham] Sumner, “State Interference”, in North American Review:

     If it gives way to sentimentalism, or sensibility, or political mysticism, or adopts an affectation of radicalism, or any other ism, or molds its institutions so as to round out to a more complete fulfillment somebody's theory of the universe, it may fall into an era of revolution and political insecurity […]

   • 1965, Bertram David Wolfe, Marxism, One Hundred Years in the Life of a Doctrine, page 357:

     An ism does not have to possess the fearful implements of state power to cut off a deviant or heretical member.

   • 1969, Walter E. Minchinton, Mercantilism; System Or Expediency?, page xi:

     In his exposition, he has failed to achieve the identification of situation, theory, and policy necessary to create an ism.

   • 1986, John Hughes, Ferris Bueller's Day Off, spoken by Ferris Bueller (Matthew Broderick):

     Isms in my opinion are not good. A person should not believe in an ism – he should believe in himself.

   • 1994, Kenneth Kaye, Workplace Wars and How to End Them, page 70:

     It is important to distinguish between an ism and a mere generalization about group differences. Generalizations that have statistical validity are not isms. An ism assumes that the generalization applies to an individual.

   • 2000 fall, Donald S. Lopez Jr., “How the Buddha Got Ism-ed”, in Tricycle: The Buddhist Review‎, volume 10, number 1, New York, N.Y.: The Tricycle Foundation, →OCLC, archived from the original on 12 July 2016, page 42, column 1:

     Dwight Eisenhower, a president not particularly remembered for his wit, once remarked that "all isms are wasms." He was presumably referring, rather presciently, to the largely forgotten isms that were once perceived as a threat to truth, justice, and the American way: Marxism, socialism, communism.

   1. A form of discrimination, such as racism or sexism.
      • 2020 June 6, Lisa Selin Davis, “Children aren’t born racist. Here’s how parents can stop them from becoming racist.”, in CNN‎, spoken by Sarah Gaither, archived from the original on 19 January 2024:

        Parents and educators play a critical role in helping children of all ages navigate current events and talk openly about the historical roots of the various ‘isms in our country.

派生語

• isms and schisms

参考

• ideology
• ist
• philosophy
• wasm

Further reading

• Raymond Williams (1983), “Isms”, in Keywords: A Vocabulary of Culture and Society, revised American edition, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, published 1985, →ISBN, page 173.

アナグラム

• IMS, IMs, MIS, MIs, MSI, SIM, Sim, mis-, sim