英和和英

語源

From 中期英語 columne, columpne, columpe, borrowed from Old French columne, from Latin columna (“a column, pillar, post”), originally a collateral form of columen, contraction culmen (“a pillar, top, crown, summit”). Akin to Latin collis (“a hill”), celsus (“high”), probably to Ancient Greek κολοφών (kolophṓn, “top, summit”).

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈkɒləm/
• (General American), (Ireland) enPR: kŏlʹəm, IPA: /ˈkɑləm/
• (General American, rare), (Ireland) enPR: kŏlʹjəm, IPA: /ˈkɑljəm/
• ハイフネーション: col‧umn
• 韻: -ɒləm

名詞

column (plural columns)

1. (architecture) A solid upright structure designed usually to support a larger structure above it, such as a roof or horizontal beam, but sometimes for decoration.
2. A vertical line of entries in a table, usually read from top to bottom.
3. A body of troops or army vehicles, usually strung out along a road.
4. A body of text meant to be read line by line, especially in printed material that has multiple adjacent such on a single page.

   It was too hard to read the text across the whole page, so I split it into two columns.

5. A unit of width, especially of advertisements, in a periodical, equivalent to the width of a usual column of text.

   Each column inch costs $300 a week; this ad is four columns by three inches, so will run $3600 a week.

6. (by extension) A recurring feature in a periodical, especially an opinion piece, especially by a single author or small rotating group of authors, or on a single theme.

   His initial foray into print media was as the author of a weekly column in his elementary-school newspaper.

   • 2024 January 10, Christian Wolmar, “A time for change? ... just as it was back in issue 262”, in RAIL, number 1000, page 60:

     I have always argued that despite my opposition to rail privatisation, I should be grateful that John Major won the 1992 election on a platform to sell off the railways, as otherwise my column would have disappeared given the paucity of things to write about.

7. Something having similar vertical form or structure to the things mentioned above, such as a spinal column.
   • 1892, James Yoxall, chapter 5, in The Lonely Pyramid:

     The desert storm was riding in its strength; the travellers lay beneath the mastery of the fell simoom. Whirling wreaths and columns of burning wind, rushed around and over them.

8. (botany) The gynostemium
9. (chemistry) An instrument used to separate the different components of a liquid or to purify chemical compounds.

同意語

• (upright structure): post, pillar, sile

反意語

• (antonym(s) of “line of table entries”): row (which is horizontal)

上位語

• (upright structure): beam

派生語

参照

Further reading

• “column”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “column”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.