英和和英

発音

• IPA: /liːn/, /ˈliːən/
• 韻: -iːn, -iːən
• Homophone: lean (IPA: /liːn/)

名詞

lien (plural liens)

1. (obsolete) A tendon.
2. (law) A right to take possession of a debtor’s property as security until a debt or duty is discharged.
   • 1989, Greil Marcus, Lipstick Traces, Faber & Faber, published 2009:

     […] every youth movement presents itself as loan to the future, and tries to call in its lien in advance, but when there is no future all loans are canceled.

   • 2002, Colin Jones, The Great Nation, Penguin, published 2003, page 7:

     Bodin deemed the king of France's power as absolute in the sense that the ruler was ‘absolved’ by divine sanction from legally binding liens and restrictions.

派生語

語源 2

別の表記

• lyen

発音

• IPA: /ˈlaɪən/
• 韻: -aɪən

動詞

lien

1. (biblical, archaic) Alternative form of lain.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 26:10:

     And Abimelech said, What is this thou hast done vnto vs? one of the people might lightly haue lien with thy wife, and thou shouldest haue brought guiltinesse vpon vs.”

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Numbers 5:19:

     And the Priest shall charge her by an othe, and say vnto the woman, If no man haue lyen with thee, and if thou hast not gone aside to vncleannesse with another in stead of thy husband, be thou free from this bitter water that causeth the curse.

語源 3

Borrowed from Latin liēn (“spleen”). Doublet of spleen.

発音

• IPA: /ˈlaɪ.in/, /ˈlaɪ.ən/
• 韻: -aɪin, -aɪən

名詞

lien (plural lienes)

1. (uncommon, possibly obsolete) The spleen.

   Synonym: milt

   • 1892, John Marie Keating, Henry Hamilton, John Chalmers Da Costa, A New Pronouncing Dictionary of Medicine:

     Li'enal. Pertaining to the lien or spleen; splenic.

   • 1914, Quain's Elements of Anatomy, volume 1, page 312:

     The lien or spleen (figs. 282 to 285) is a soft, highly vascular contractile and very elastic organ of a dark purplish colour. It is placed obliquely behind the stomach, [...]

関連する語

• lienal
• lienic
• lieno-

Further reading

• lien on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

アナグラム

• LEIN, LINE, Line, Neil, Niel, Nile, line

別の表記

• lie, li, lin, ligh, liȝ, liȝe, liȝen, lig, lige, ligen, liken, likken, liȝȝe, ligge, liggen, luggen
• licgen, liȝge (Early Middle English)

動詞

lien (third-person singular simple present lith, present participle liende, first-/third-person singular past indicative leie, past participle leien)

1. to lie (be in a horizontal position)
   • c. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales, General Prologue, lines 19–20:

     Bifil that in that seson, on a day, / In Southwerk at the Tabard as I lay

     It happened that, in that season, on a day / In Southwark, at the Tabard, as I lay

派生した語

• English: lie, lig
• Scots: lie
• Yola: lee, lidge, leiough, leigh

参照

• “līen, v.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

語源 2

動詞

語源

From Proto-Indo-European, reflecting a form *(s)li(ǵʰ)-ēn-, from the root *spelǵʰ- (“spleen”), heavily distorted in all of its descendants, likely for tabooistic reasons, making the exact original PIE form hard to pin down. The newly introduced -i- is seemingly also found in the Sanskrit cognate प्लीहन् (plīhán), the fall of *-h- < *-ǵʰ- is also observed in Ancient Greek σπλήν (splḗn), while the loss of *-p- is also visible in Proto-Slavic *selzenь.

Other cognates include Middle Irish selg, Lithuanian blužnis, Old Armenian փայծաղն (pʻaycałn), Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥- (spərzan-). Doublet of splēn.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈli.eːn]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈliː.en]

名詞

liēn m (genitive liēnis); third declension

1. spleen

語形変化

Third-declension noun.

派生した語

参照

Further reading

• “lien”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “lien”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.