Wiktionary英語版
出典：Wiktionary
bilis
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/06/30 20:11 UTC 版)
語源
De Vaan reconstructs Proto-Italic *bistli- based on comparison to Brythonic (e.g. Welsh bustl). No further cognates are known, and Latin initial b- and Brythonic *b- do not regularly correspond in inherited vocabulary, so the term is likely borrowed, either from Celtic into Italic, or from a non-Indo-European substrate into both. If native to Celtic, De Vaan suggests it could descend from a Celtic preform *bid-tli-, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- (“to split off, bite”), referring to the substance's bitterness. In the latter case, compare also Proto-Germanic *bitraz (“bitter”).
発音
- (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈbiː.lɪs]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈbiː.lis]
語形変化
Third-declension noun (i-stem).
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | bīlis | bīlēs |
| genitive | bīlis | bīlium |
| dative | bīlī | bīlibus |
| accusative | bīlem | bīlēs bīlīs |
| ablative | bīlī | bīlibus |
| vocative | bīlis | bīlēs |
派生語
- ātra bīlis
- bīlifer
派生した語
- Catalan: bilis
- English: bile, bili-
- French: bile
- Romanian: bilă
- Galician: bile
- Irish: bili-
- Istriot: bile
- Italian: bile
- Portuguese: bílis, bile
- Spanish: bilis
参照
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “bīlis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 72
Further reading
- “bilis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “bilis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- "bilis", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- “bilis”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
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