英和和英

語源

Borrowed from Latin cardō (“hinge”). Doublet of kern.

名詞

cardo (plural cardines)

1. (zoology) The basal joint of the maxilla in insects
2. (zoology) The hinge of a bivalve shell.
3. (Ancient Rome) A street that ran north–south, in an Ancient Roman town or city

アナグラム

• Draco, draco, Acord, C-Road, Coard

語源 1

Uncertain. Traditionally related to Ancient Greek κράδη (krádē, “twig, spray; swing, crane in the drama”), but unlikely as the concordant sense of swing is metaphorical and likely too recent. Or from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kerd- (“to move, sway, swing, jump”) and so cognate with Proto-Germanic *herzô (“bar, pivot, hinge”) (whence English har (“hinge”)). Compare in any case Old High German scerdo (“hinge”).

名詞

cardō m (genitive cardinis); third declension

1. hinge (of a door or gate), usually a pivot and socket in Roman times.
2. (by extension) a tenon, mortice, or socket
3. A street, that ran north–south, in a Roman town or military camp

   Coordinate term: decumānus

4. (figuratively) turning point, critical moment or action
5. (figuratively) the symbolism of the hinge in ancient Roman religion and myth
   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.101–102:

     Prīma diēs tibi, Carnā, datur. dea cardinis haec est:
     nūmine clausa aperit, claudit aperta suō.

     The first day [of June] is being given to you, Carna. This is the goddess of the hinge: by her divine power she opens the closed, [and] closes the opened.
     (Ovid conflates the June festival of the goddess Carna with the mythology of Cardea; see also Janus and Hinge.)

6. (astronomy) a pole

語形変化

Third-declension noun.

派生語

• Cardea
• cardinālis
• cardinātus
• cardineus
• cardo maximus

派生した語

• ⇒ Old French: *charnière
  • French: charnière,
• > Anglo-Norman: carne (inherited)
  • → Old French: carne (or borrowed from another northern dialect)
    • French: carne
• Italian: cardine, cardo
• → Old Welsh:
  • Middle Welsh: corðyn
    • Welsh: corddyn
• Spanish: cárdine

語源 2

Variant form of carduus (“wild thistle, artichoke”); see also cardus, cardunculus.

Attested in the eighth-century Reichenau Glossary.

名詞

cardō m (genitive cardōnis or cardinis); third declension (Early Medieval Latin)

1. thistle or some similar plant

語形変化

Third-declension noun (two different stems).

派生した語

• Old French:
  • French: chardon
• Old Occitan: cardon
  • → Italian: cardone
  • → Middle French: cardon
    • French: cardon
    • → English: cardoon
• Sicilian: carduni

参照

• “cardo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “cardo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "cardo", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “cardo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the pole: vertex caeli, axis caeli, cardo caeli
    
• “cardo”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “cardo”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin