英和和英

語源

Attested since 1677, apparently in the sense "nail-shaped, clove-shaped" (documented in glossaries since at least 1810), from clavus. The sense "club-shaped" (from clava) is documented since at least 1805, and the sense "key-shaped" (from clavis) since at least 1844.

形容詞

clāvifōrmis (neuter clāvifōrme); third-declension two-termination adjective

1. claviform
   • 1677, Thomas C. Holyoke, Lexicon philologicum, et dictionarium etymologicum:

     Caryophyllum, i; n. g. Rucl. […] nusic folium, arbori frutex vel potius flos.Angl. Clove, dict. quia claviformis.

   • 1775, Pehr Forsskal, Carsten Niebuhr, Flora Aegyptiaco-Arabica. Sive descriptiones plantarum,... / Descriptiones animalium, avium, amphibiorum, piscium, ..., page 131:

     Versus apicem crassior, claviformis; clava sub-acuminata : […]

   • 1803, Erik Acharius, Methodus qua omnes detectos Lichenes secundum organa ..., page 260, entry on Parmelia fastigiata:

     Adultus crassus simplicior claviformis sursumque incrassatus [...] aut etiam in apice thalli claviformis congestae [...]

   • 1840, Stephan Ladislaus Endlicher, Genera plantarum secundum ordines naturales disposita: Genera plantarum ... 1836-1840, page 833:

     Stamina plurima, hypogyna, tori convexi lateribus inserta, claviformia; filamenta brevissima, antherae biloculares, loculis connectivo apice dilatato- truncato antice adnatis, longitudinaliter dehiscentibus.

   • 1853, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, page 188:

     ... ovula plurima, in lineas longitudinaliter digesta : stylus filiformis, inclusus; stigma claviforme, pulvinatum, obsolete 2-lobum, apice umbilicatum.

   • 1860, Kungl. Svenska vetenskapsakademien, Handlingar:, bd. 1, page 48:

     Thorax gibbulus; metathorace medio interdum longitudinaliter impresso, areis superioribus aut omnino nullis aut valde incompletis aut subdistinctis . Abdomen claviforme, apicem versus depressum vel leviter compressum; terebra & vix vel  ...

   • 1870, Kongelige Danske videnskabernes selskab, Skrifter: Naturvidenskabelig og mathematisk afdeling, page 44:

     Papillæ ambulacrales singulæ, rarissime binæ. Spinæ laterales breviores, apice dilatatæ, summa binc inde claviformis, clava fissa. Color obscurus, discus utrinque lineis venas simulantibus eleganter pictus.

   • 1885, Julius Victor Carus, Prodromus faunae Mediterraneae, sive descriptio animalium maris Mediterranei incolarum, page 43:

     Corpus liberum, natans, tota superficie ciliis et organis urticantibus tectum, claviforme aut bipyramidale, parte superiore aborali crassiore, cristis aut toris 4 longitudinalibus praeditum, inter quae in medio corporis scrobiculae intercedunt ad recipiendas appendices  ...

語形変化

Third-declension two-termination adjective.