英和和英

名詞

coagulum (plural coagulums or coagula)

1. A mass of coagulated material; a clot or curd

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [koˈaː.ɡʊ.ɫũː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [koˈaː.ɡu.lum]

語源

Equivalent to cōgō (“gather together”) +‎ -ulum (instrument noun suffix); the verb base in turn is equivalent to con- (“together”) +‎ agō (“push, drive”), with the latter from the root *h₂eǵ-. The etymological origin of the suffix and of the lengthened vowel -ā- in the base is disputed; see -ulum and -ula.

• One hypothesis derives the suffix from *-dʰlom and assumes *-ǵ-dʰlo- underwent regular cluster simplification with compensatory lengthening of the preceding vowel; thus, Sihler 1995 reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ-dʰlo-.
• De Vaan 2008 suggests alternatively that the long ā here and in ambāgēs could be analogical in origin, ultimately influenced by formations such as prōpāgēs and contāgēs (which may regularly continue the full-grade of *peh₂ǵ- and *teh₂g-, respectively).
• Sen 2015 argues that the instrumental ending -ulum is more likely from the neuter of the suffix -ulus (found in some agent nouns, such as figulus (“potter”)) from Proto-Italic *-elos.
• Nielsen 2004 considers it unlikely that instrument -ulum/-ula goes back to either *-dʰlom or agentive *-(e)lo-, and proposes it developed from *-tlom (> Proto-Italic *-klom), which caused the vowel of the preceding syllable to be lengthened by Lachmann's Law. Afterwards, voiced /ɡ/ was reintroduced either by analogy to the base verbs, or by a conditioned sound change that turned /k.l/ across morpheme boundaries to /ɡl/ after a long vowel. Accordingly, Nielsen reconstructs pre-Latin *kom-ag-klo-.

名詞

coāgulum n (genitive coāgulī); second declension

1. tie, bond, binding agent
2. curd
3. rennet
4. thickening, congealing

語形変化

Second-declension noun (neuter).

派生語

• coāgulō

派生した語

参照

Further reading

• “coagulum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “coagulum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “coagulum”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.