英和和英

語源

From 中期英語 instrumental, instrumentale, from Medieval Latin īnstrūmentālis, equivalent to instrument +‎ -al.

発音

• IPA: /ɪnstɹəˈmɛntəl/, /ɪnstɹʊˈmɛntəl/
• 韻: -ɛntəl

形容詞

instrumental (comparative more instrumental, superlative most instrumental)

1. Essential or central; of great importance or relevance.

   He was instrumental in conducting the business.

   • c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:

     The head is not more native to the heart, The hand more instrumental to the mouth

   • 2012, Christoper Zara, Tortured Artists: From Picasso and Monroe to Warhol and Winehouse, the Twisted Secrets of the World's Most Creative Minds, part 1, chapter 2, 51:

     Few songwriters have been as instrumental in creating the mold for American music.

   • 2020 July 29, Ian Prosser discusses with Paul Stephen, “Rail needs robust and strategic plans”, in Rail, page 40:

     [...] Prosser was instrumental in the decision in 2010 to recommence publication of an annual health and safety report, following a period when it had fallen into abeyance.

2. Serving as an instrument, medium, means, or agency.
   • 1896, Charles M. Sheldon, chapter 12, in In His Steps:

     Maxwell started back to his study, feeling that kind of satisfaction which a man feels when he has been even partly instrumental in finding an unemployed person a remunerative position.

3. (music) Pertaining to, made by, or prepared for an instrument, especially a musical instrument (rather than the human voice).

   instrumental music

   an instrumental part

   • c. 1700, John Dryden, Cymon and Iphigenia:

     Sweet voices mix'd with instrumental sounds.

   • 1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:

     He defended the use of instrumental music in public worship.

4. (grammar) Applied to a case expressing means or agency, generally corresponding to the English use of prepositions such as by, with, through, or by means of with the objective case.

   the instrumental case

反意語

• noninstrumental

等位語

• (serving as a means): final
• (music): vocal, a cappella

派生語

関連する語

• instrument

名詞

instrumental (plural instrumentals)

1. (grammar) The instrumental case.
2. (music) A composition written or performed without lyrics or singing, using a lead instrument to replace vocals.
   • 1977, Stereo Review, volume 38, page 70:

     I recommend this album in the face of the fact that five of the eleven songs are the purest filler, dull instrumentals with a harmonica rifling over an indifferent rhythm section. The rest is magnificent […]

3. (music) A pause in the vocals of a song, usually occurring midway through, in which a musical instrument replaces the vocals.

Further reading

• “instrumental”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “instrumental”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

語源

From Medieval Latin instrumentālis; equivalent to instrument +‎ -al.

発音

• IPA: /inˌstrumɛnˈtal/, /inˈstrumɛntal/
• IPA: /ˌinstruˈmɛntal/ (by analogy with instrument)

形容詞

instrumental (rare)

1. Resembling an instrument in role; instrumental (serving as a means)
2. Resembling an instrument in use (i.e. being used as a tool)
3. Resembling a (specific kind of) instrument in appearance.

派生した語

• English: instrumental

参照

• “instrū̆mentāl, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 12 September 2018.