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dhimmi

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Wiktionary英語版

出典：Wiktionary

dhimmi

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2025/12/22 04:51 UTC 版)

語源

From French dhimmi, from Arabic ذِمِّيّ (ḏimmiyy, “a dhimmi”), from ذِمَّة (ḏimma, “protection, custody”).

発音

名詞

dhimmi (plural dhimmis)

  1. (Islam, chiefly historical) A protected and specially taxed non-Muslim subject of a state governed under dhimma, a form of social contract, in accordance with sharia law.
  2. (derogatory, offensive) A non-Muslim characterized by a conciliatory stance towards Islam, abstaining from articulating opposing beliefs and refraining from criticizing the religion.
    Synonym: dhimwit

別の表記

  • zhimmi, zimme, zimmi

派生語

  • Dhimmicrat
  • dhimmitude
  • dhimwit

参考

Further reading

ウィキペディア英語版

出典：Wikipedia

Dhimmi

出典:『Wikipedia』 (2011/07/20 17:24 UTC 版)

英語による解説

ウィキペディア英語版からの引用
引用

A dhimmī (Arabic: ذمي‎ ḏimmī IPA: [ˈðɪmmiː]), (collectively أهل الذمة ahl al-ḏimmah/dhimmah, "the people of the dhimma or people of the contract") is a non-Muslim subject of a state governed in accordance with sharia law. Linguistically, the word means "one whose responsibility has been taken". This has to be understood in the context of the definition of state in Islam, which is different from the current definition of citizenship of a state. The dhimma is a theoretical contract based on a widely held Islamic doctrine granting special status to adherents of Judaism, Christianity, ("People of the Book") and certain other non-Muslim religions. Dhimma provides rights of residence in return for taxes. Dhimmi have fewer legal and social rights than Muslims, but more rights than other non-Muslims. They are excused from specifically Muslim duties, and otherwise equal under the laws of property, contract and obligation.

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