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Wiktionary英語版
出典：Wiktionary
fames
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2025/10/28 19:56 UTC 版)
語源
Since Pokorny, traditionally derived from a Proto-Indo-European *dʰH- (“to disappear”), and connected with Latin affatim, fatīscō, fatīgō, fessus, as well as Old Irish dedaid (“to melt away; to grow weary”), Old Norse dási (“slow”), and English daze. However, De Vaan rejects this etymology, considering the forms and semantics as too vague, and leaves the origin open.
発音
- (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈfa.meːs]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈfaː.mes]
語形変化
Third-declension noun (i-stem).
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | famēs | famēs |
| genitive | famis famī |
famium |
| dative | famī | famibus |
| accusative | famem | famēs famīs |
| ablative | famē | famibus |
| vocative | famēs | famēs |
However, the ablative singular always has the ē of the fifth declension: famē.
派生語
- famēlicus
- famidus
派生した語
- Insular Romance:
- Sardinian:
- Logudorese: fàmene, fàmine
- Nuorese: fàmine
- Campidanese: fàmini
- Sardinian:
- Balkano-Romance:
- Aromanian: foami
- Istro-Romanian: fome
- Romanian: foame
- Italo-Dalmatian:
- Corsican: fame, fami
- Gallurese: fami, fammi
- Sassarese: fammi
- Dalmatian: fum
- Istriot: fan
- Italian: fame
- Neapolitan: famme
- Sicilian: fami
- Venetan: fan
- Corsican: fame, fami
- Rhaeto-Romance:
- Friulian: fan
- Ladin: fam
- Romansch: fom, fam
- Gallo-Italic:
- Emilian: fâm
- Ligurian: fàmme
- Lombard: famm
- Piedmontese: fam
- Romagnol: fam, fâm
- Gallo-Romance:
- Catalan: fam
- Franco-Provençal: fam
- Old French: fain, faim
- French: faim
- Louisiana Creole: faim
- ⇒ Old French: famine
- Middle French: famine
- French: famine
- → English: famine
- Middle French: famine
- French: faim
- Old Occitan: fam
- Occitan: fam
- Gascon: hami
- Ibero-Romance:
- Aragonese: fame
- Old Galician-Portuguese: fame
- Fala: fomi
- Galician: fame
- Portuguese: fome
- Old Leonese:
- Asturian: fame
- → Spanish: fame
- Mirandese: fame
- Asturian: fame
- Old Spanish: fambre
- Ladino: ambre
- Spanish: hambre
- Borrowings:
- → Interlingua: fame
参照
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “famēs, -is”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 200
- ^ Frederick M. Wheelock, Latin: An Introductory Course Based on Ancient Authors, 3rd ed. (Barnes & Noble, 1963), p. 267; cf. Phaedrus, Fābulae, 4.3.
Further reading
- “fames”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “fames”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “fames”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to be tormented by hunger, to be starving: fame laborare, premi
- to endure the pangs of hunger: famem tolerare, sustentare
- to die of starvation: fame confici, perire, interire
- to be starved to death (as punishment): fame necari
- to allay one's hunger, thirst: famem, sitim explere
- to allay one's hunger, thirst: famem sitimque depellere cibo et potione
- to starve a town into surrender: oppidum fame domare
- to be tormented by hunger, to be starving: fame laborare, premi
- Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 239
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