英和和英

語源

Borrowed from Bislama kastom or Tok Pisin kastom, both from English custom. Doublet of consuetude, costume, and custom.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈkɑːstɒm/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈkɑstɑm/
• ハイフネーション: ka‧stom

名詞

kastom (uncountable)

1. (Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, cultural anthropology) Traditional beliefs and values held, and culture practised, in modern times in Melanesia.
   • 1994, Lissant Bolton, “‘Bifo Yumi Ting Se Samting Nating’: The Women’s Culture Project at the Vanuatu Cultural Centre”, in Lamont Lindstrom, Geoffrey M[iles] White, editors, Culture, Kastom, Tradition: Developing Cultural Policy in Melanesia, Suva, Fiji: Institute of Pacific Studies, University of the South Pacific, →ISBN, page 160:

     Mats were used in kastom ceremonies, but they were not identified as kastom themselves. By coming to Ambae to promote, document, and revive weaving skills and mats, emphasizing that women have their own kastom and contribute to the kastom life of the community, we gave women a new perspective on their own activities. […] As the identification of traditional knowledge as kastom enables communities to turn from the past to the future, so it seems possible that identification of women's activities as kastom will create a means by which women's status in Vanuatu can change.

   • 1994, Margaret Jolly, “Prologue: An Arrival Story”, in Women of the Place: Kastom, Colonialism, and Gender in Vanuatu (Studies in Anthropology and History; 12), Chur, Grisons, Switzerland: Harwood Academic Publishers, published 1997, →ISBN, page 9:

     Men were adamant that I should not go near the tower [for the land-dive ritual] since my presence there, like the presence of any local woman, would threaten the strength of the wood and lianas, would imperil the sacred integrity of the ancestor embodied in the tower, and endanger the lives of those men diving from its breasts, shoulders and head. I bitterly accepted this, but was livid two days later when I spotted a woman from a Vila tourist agency breezily speeding towards the tower in her jeep. […] [B]eing one of those ai salsaliri, the floating ones, whites, she posed no threat. Since I knew kastom, spoke the language and was a 'woman of the place', I was in contrast a danger.

   • 2000, David L. Hanlon, Geoffrey M[iles] White, Voyaging through the Contemporary Pacific (Pacific Formations), Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, →ISBN, page 392:

     At the same time many of these politicians established an intellectual rapprochement between kastom and Christianity.

   • 2008, Jaap Timmer, “Kastom and Theocracy: A Reflection on Governance from the Uttermost Part of the World”, in Sinclair Dinnen, Stewart Firth, editors, Politics and State Building in Solomon Islands (Studies in State and Society in the Pacific; 2), Canberra, A.C.T.: ANU E Press and Asia Pacific Press, Australian National University, →ISBN, page 196:

     Analysis, policymakers, government and aid officials operating in Solomon Islands need to avoid depictions of kastom and Christianity as stable and conservative forces or, alternatively, as important for nation building. Kastom and Christianity are inherently dynamic world-views and, moreover, have come under considerable stress in recent times.

Further reading

• kastom on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

アナグラム

• Matsko, komast