英和和英

語源 1

From Proto-West Germanic *lagu (“water, sea”), from Proto-Germanic *laguz, from Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“pond, pool”). Cognate with Latin lacus (“hollow, pond”), Old Irish loch (“lake, pond”), Ancient Greek λάκκος (lákkos, “waterhole, pond, pit”).

別の表記

• lago

名詞

lagu m

1. sea, water, lake
   • 10th century, The Seafarer:

     Ne biþ him tō hearpan hyġe, ne tō hringþege, ne tō wīfe wyn, ne tō worulde hyht, ne ymbe ōwiht elles, nefne ymb ȳða ġewealc, ac ā hafað longunge sē þe on lagu fundað.

     His mind is not for a harp, nor for a gift of ring, nor for a wife’s mirth, nor for world’s hope, nor about anything else, unless about the rolling of waves, but he always has a longing, the one who rushes onto the sea.

2. the runic character ᛚ (/l/)
   • The Old English rune poem

     ᛚ byþ lēodum langsum ġeþūht...

     Sea is by princes thought long-enduring...

語形変化

Strong u-stem:

U-stem nouns constituted a relic class in Old English, and tended to be transferred to the a-stem (if masculine) or ō-stem (if feminine) declension classes. The noun lagu~lago is attested with u-stem endings only in the nominative and accusative singular.

同意語

• lacu
• sǣ
• mere

派生語

派生した語

• Middle English: laȝe, lawe
• >? Middle English: lai, laie, leye (possibly from *læġe(s), if transferred to a-stem inflection; alternatively borrowed from Old French lai or the stem leg- of Old Norse lǫgr)
  • English: lay

語源 2

Borrowed (ca. 1000 C.E.) from Old Norse lǫg (“the things that are laid down, the laws”), originally a neuter plural but reanalysed as a feminine singular when it was borrowed into 古期英語. From the singular Proto-Germanic *lagą (“something laid”), from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ-, the root of English lie, lay.

The Old Icelandic word means "something laid down or fixed", both in the literal sense of "layer, stratum" and in the figurative "agreed share", "fixed price", "partnership", etc. The plural had the collective sense of "[body of] law". The native 古期英語 word replaced by the Old Norse loan was ǣ.

別の表記

• lage
• lah (usually in compounds)

名詞

lagu f

1. law
2. rule
3. right, legal privilege

語形変化

Strong ō-stem:

同意語

• ǣ/ǣw
• laga

派生語

• ūtlagu

派生した語

• Middle English: laȝe, lawe
  • English: law
  • Scots: law

参照

Further reading

• Joseph Bosworth; T. Northcote Toller (1898), “lagu”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, second edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Joseph Bosworth; T. Northcote Toller (1898), “lagu”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, second edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.