英和和英

語源

From Proto-Germanic *midjagardaz, equivalent to midd (“mid, middle”) +‎ ġeard (“yard; enclosed land; realm”), although the second element's confusion or conflation with eard (“earth”) has occurred since 古期英語. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *médʰyos (“middle”) and *gʰórdʰos (“enclosure”). Cognate with Old Saxon middilgard, Old High German mittilgart and mittangart, Old Norse Miðgarðr, Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌿𐌽𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌳𐍃 (midjungards).

発音

• IPA: /ˈmid.dɑnˌjæ͜ɑrd/, [ˈmid.dɑnˌjæ͜ɑrˠd]

名詞

middanġeard m

1. the world
   • 10th century, The Wanderer:

     […] mōdġe maguþeġnas. · Swā þēs middanġeard
     ealra dōgra ġehwām · drēoseð ond fealleþ,

     brave warriors. Thus this world
     perishes and falls every single day

使用する際の注意点

• Typically used without the word for "the": Hē rīcsode ofer ealne middanġeard ("He ruled over all the world"). However, it is commonly used with the word for "this": Hū fela manna wuniaþ on þissum middanġearde? ("How many people live in this world?").

語形変化

Strong a-stem:

同意語

• weorold

派生した語

• Middle English: myddenerd, middeneard, middenerd, middenard (Essex)
• ⇒ Middle English: myddelerd, myddelerthe
  • English: Middle Earth, middle earth, middle-earth, Middle-earth, Middle-Earth
  • Middle Scots: middilerd, middil erde, middil ȝerd
    • Scots: middle erd, midlert (obsolete)