英和和英

語源

Inherited from 古期英語 sċyttan, from Proto-West Germanic *skuttjan, from *skut (“a border, a divider”) +‎ *-jan.

Forms showing the development /y/ to /ɛ/ are more widely dispersed and less prone to being displaced by those showing a development to /i/ during the 中期英語 period, undoubtedly to avoid an embarrassing homophony with schite (“shit”); this also accounts for forms influenced by scheten (continued in schute). West Midland and Southern forms with /u/ (hence modern shut) represent a retraction of /y/ after /ʃ/.

発音

• IPA: /ˈʃitən/
• IPA: /ˈʃɛtən/ (especially East Anglia, East Saxon, Kent, Southeast Midland)
• IPA: /ˈʃutən/ (West Midland, Southern), /ʃut/ (Yorkshire)
• IPA: /ˈʃeːtən/, /ˈʃoːtən/ (influenced by scheten)

動詞

schitten (third-person singular simple present schitteth, present participle schittende, schittynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle schitted)

1. (transitive) To shut or close (to cause to be closed):
   1. To bring something into a closed position.
   2. To block or seal an opening.
   3. To lock; to securely close (an object or location)
   4. (figuratively) To seal a purse or letter.
2. (transitive) To enclose or surround:
   1. To confine or isolate (for security)
   2. To incarcerate; to forcibly confine.
   3. To protect or secure (from a danger)
3. (transitive) To exclude or bar; to keep out.
4. (intransitive) To shut or close (to become closed)
5. (transitive, rare) To end or terminate.

Conjugation

派生した語

• English: shut (dialectal shet)
• Middle Scots: schet, schute
  • Scots: shut

参照

• “shitten, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
• “shut, v.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
• Jordan, Richard (1974),  Eugene Crook, transl., Handbook of the Middle English Grammar: Phonology (Janua Linguarum. Series Practica; 218)‎, The Hague: Mouton & Co. N.V., →DOI, § 43, page 70.