英和和英

語源

From specialize +‎ -ation.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: [ˌspɛʃəlaɪ̯ˈzeɪ̯ʃn̩]
• (General American, Canada) IPA: [ˌspɛʃəlɪˈzeɪ̯ʃn̩], [ˌspɛʃələˈzeɪ̯ʃn̩]
• (General Australian) IPA: [ˌspeʃəlɑe̯ˈzæɪ̯ʃn̩]
• (New Zealand) IPA: [ˌspeʃəlɑe̯ˈzæɪ̯ʃn̩]
• 韻: -eɪʃən
• ハイフネーション: spe‧cial‧i‧za‧tion

名詞

specialization (countable and uncountable, plural specializations) (American spelling, Oxford British English)

1. The act or process of specializing.
   • 1973, Robert A. Heinlein, Time Enough For Love:

     A human being should be able to change a diaper, plan an invasion, butcher a hog, conn a ship, design a building, write a sonnet, balance accounts, build a wall, set a bone, comfort the dying, take orders, give orders, cooperate, act alone, solve equations, analyze a new problem, pitch manure, program a computer, cook a tasty meal, fight efficiently, die gallantly. Specialization is for insects.

2. The area in which someone specializes.
   • 2012, Glenn M. Wong, The Comprehensive Guide to Careers in Sports, Jones & Bartlett Publishers, →ISBN, page 35:

     Many MBA programs now allow students to obtain a specialization in sport management. This differs from the joint degree programs in that only one degree, an MBA, is awarded (i.e., a separate master's degree in sport management is not awarded). The MBA with a sport management specialization should be considered as a second option in lieu of the joint degree.

3. (biology) The adaptation of an organism to a specific environment, or adaptation of an organ to a particular function.
   • 2012, O. A. Jones, Biology and Geology of Coral Reefs V2: Biology 1, Elsevier, →ISBN, page 248:

     Specialization is frequently divided into two categories largely based on methods of study: food specialization and specialization with respect to microhabitat.

4. (mathematics) A proof, axiom, problem, or definition whose cases are completely covered by another, broader concept.

   A triangle is a specialization of a polygon to one with exactly three sides.

同意語

• (act of specializing): particularization; see also Thesaurus:specialization

反意語

• (antonym(s) of “act of specializing”): abstraction, generalization; see also Thesaurus:generalization

派生語

関連する語

• speciation