英和和英

語源

From 中期英語 thraldom, þraldom. Compare Danish trældom, Norwegian trelldom, Swedish träldom. By surface analysis, thral(l) +‎ -dom.

発音

• IPA: /ˈθɹɔːl.dəm/

名詞

thraldom (countable and uncountable, plural thraldoms)

1. (literary or puristic, otherwise archaic) A state of bondage, slavery, or subjugation to another person.

   Synonym: thrall

   • 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book V, Canto IX”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

     For ye into like thraldome me did throw,
     And kept from complishing the faith which I did owe.

   • c. 1625–1632 (date written), Iohn Ford [i.e., John Ford], The Broken Heart. A Tragedy. […], London: […] I[ohn] B[eale] for Hugh Beeston, […], published 1633, →OCLC, Act I, scene i, signatures B, verso – B2, recto:

     Beauteous Penthea […] is novv ſo yoak'd / To a moſt barbarous thraldome, miſery, / Affliction, that [s]he ſauors not humanity.

   • 1864, “A Fast-Day at Foxden”, in Atlantic Monthly Journal‎, HTML edition, The Gutenberg Project, published 2006:

     The wretched thraldom was over,—and what had it left?

語源

From thral +‎ -dom, possibly as a calque of Old Norse þrældómr.

発音

• IPA: /ˈθralˌdoːm/
• (reduced) IPA: /ˈθraldam/, /ˈθraldum/

名詞

thraldom (uncountable)

1. Slavery, domination; the subjection of a person or group into bondage.
   • c. 1375, “Book I”, in Iohne Barbour, De geſtis bellis et uirtutibus domini Roberti de Brwyß […] (The Brus, Advocates MS. 19.2.2)‎, Ouchtirmunsye: Iohannes Ramsay, published 1489, folio 2, recto, lines 233-236; republished at Edinburgh: National Library of Scotland, c. 2010:

     Na he [þat] haß ay levyt fꝛe / May nocht knaw weill þe pꝛopyꝛte / Þe angyr na þe wꝛetchyt dome / [Þat] is couplyt to foule thyrldome

     No, one who's always lived free / won't really understand the feeling, / the suffering, or the painful fate / that's linked to foul slavery.

2. Obedience, submissiveness; the following of another's orders.
3. (religion) Spiritual subjection or control.

派生した語

• English: thraldom, thralldom
• Scots: thirldom

参照

• “thraldọ̄̆m, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.