Emerging Infectious Diseaseとは 意味・読み方・使い方

An emerging infectious disease (EID) is an infectious disease whose incidence has increased in the past 20 years and threatens to increase in the near future. Emerging infections account for at least 12% of all human pathogens. EIDs include diseases caused by a newly identified microorganism or newly identified strain of a known microorganism (e.g. SARS, AIDS); new infections resulting from change or evolution of an existing organism (e.g. influenza), a known infection which spreads to a new geographic area or population (e.g. West Nile virus), newly recognized infection in an area undergoing ecologic transformation (e.g. Lyme disease), and pre-existing and recognized infections reemerging due to drug resistance of their agent or to a breakdown in public health (e.g. tuberculosis). Also of growing concern is adverse synergetic interaction among emerging diseases as well as interaction with other infectious and non-infectious conditions that leads to the development of novel syndemics.