includeとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English includen, borrowed from Latin inclūdere (“to shut in, enclose, insert”), from in- (“in”) + claudere (“to shut”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂u- (“key, hook, nail”). Doublet of enclose. Displaced native 古期英語 belūcan (“to include,” also “to shut in”).

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ɪnˈkluːd/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ɪnˈkluːd/
• 韻: -uːd

動詞

include (三人称単数 現在形 includes, 現在分詞 including, 過去形および過去分詞形 included)

1. To bring into a group, class, set, or total as a (new) part or member.

   I will purchase the vacation package if you will include car rental.

2. To consider as part of something; to comprehend.

   The vacation package includes car rental.

   Does this volume of Shakespeare include his sonnets?

   I was included in the invitation to the family gathering.

   up to and including page twenty-five

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book VIII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

     The whole included race, his purposed prey.

   • c. 1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:

     The loss of such a lord includes all harm.

3. (obsolete) To enclose, confine. [from early 15th c.]
   • 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC:

     , New York, 2001, p.107:

     I could have here willingly ranged, but these straits wherein I am included will not permit.

4. (obsolete) To conclude; to terminate.
   • c. 1590–1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Two Gentlemen of Verona”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iv]:

     Come, let us go; we will include all jars / With triumphs, mirth, and rare solemnity.

5. (programming) To use a directive that allows the use of source code from another file.

   You have to include the strings library to use this function.

反意語

• exclude

派生語

関連する語

• inclusion (noun)
• inclusive (adjective)

名詞

include (複数形 includes)

1. (programming) A piece of source code or other content that is dynamically retrieved for inclusion in another item.
   • 2006, Laura Lemay; Rafe Colburn, Sams Teach Yourself Web Publishing with HTML and CSS in One Hour a Day:

     In the previous lesson, you learned how to use server-side includes, which enable you to easily include snippets of web pages within other web pages.

派生語

• include guard

アナグラム

• clued in, clued-in, nuclide

Latin

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /inˈkluː.de/, [ɪŋˈkɫ̪uːd̪ɛ]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /inˈklu.de/, [iŋˈkluːd̪e]

動詞

inclūde

1. second-person singular present active imperative of inclūdō