reportとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ɹɪˈpɔɹt/
• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ɹɪˈpɔːt/
• (General Australian) IPA^(key): /ɹəˈpoːt/
• (rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA^(key): /ɹɪˈpo(ː)ɹt/
• (non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA^(key): /ɹɪˈpoət/
• 韻: -ɔː(ɹ)t

動詞

report (三人称単数 現在形 reports, 現在分詞 reporting, 過去形および過去分詞形 reported)

1. (transitive, intransitive) To relate details of (an event または incident); to recount, describe (something). [from 15th c.]
   • 2013 January 1, Paul Bartel, Ashli Moore, “Avian Migration: The Ultimate Red-Eye Flight”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 1, page 47–48:

     Many of these classic methods are still used, with some modern improvements. For example, with the aid of special microphones and automated sound detection software, ornithologists recently reported […] that pine siskins (Spinus pinus) undergo an irregular, nomadic type of nocturnal migration.

2. (transitive) To repeat (something one has heard), to retell; to pass on, convey (a message, information etc.). [from 15th c.]
3. (obsolete, reflexive) To take oneself (to someone または something) for guidance or support; to appeal. [15th–18th c.]
   • 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, “ij”, in Le Morte Darthur, book XVIII:

     thenne they ansuerd by and by that they coude not excuse the quene / […] / Allas sayd the quene I made this dyner for a good entente / and neuer for none euyl soo almyghty god me help in my ryght as I was neuer purposed to doo suche euylle dedes / and that I reporte me vnto god

     (please add an English translation of this quote)

4. (formal, transitive) To notify someone of (particular intelligence, suspicions, illegality, misconduct etc.); to make notification to relevant authorities; to submit a formal report of. [from 15th c.]

   For insurance reasons, I had to report the theft to the local police station.

5. (transitive) To make a formal statement, especially of complaint, about (someone). [from 19th c.]

   If you do that again I'll report you to the boss.

6. (intransitive) To show up or appear at an appointed time; to present oneself. [from 19th c.]
7. (transitive, intransitive) To write news reports (for); to cover as a journalist or reporter. [from 19th c.]

   Andrew Marr reports now on more in-fighting at Westminster.

   Every newspaper reported the war.

   • 2019, VOA Learning English (public domain)

     In January, the country’s weather agency sent aircraft to release chemicals into clouds over the Yellow Sea, South Korea’s Yonhap news agency reported.

8. (intransitive) To be accountable to or subordinate to (someone) in a hierarchy; to receive orders from (someone); to give official updates to (someone who is above oneself in a hierarchy).

   The financial director reports to the CEO.

   Now that I've been promoted, I report to Benjamin, whom I loathe.

9. (politics, dated) To return or present as the result of an examination or consideration of any matter officially referred.

   The committee reported the bill with amendments, or reported a new bill, or reported the results of an inquiry.

10. To take minutes of (a speech, the doings of a public body, etc.); to write down from the lips of a speaker.
11. (obsolete) To refer.
    • 1639, Thomas Fuller, “Baldwine the Fourth Succeedeth; His Education under William the Reverend Archbishop of Tyre”, in The Historie of the Holy Warre, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: […] Thomas Buck, one of the printers to the Universitie of Cambridge [and sold by John Williams, London], OCLC 913016526, book II, page 94:

      Baldwine his ſonne, the fourth of that name [Baldwin IV of Jerusalem], ſucceeded his father [Amalric of Jerusalem]: ſo like unto him, that we report the reader to the character of King Almerick, and will ſpare the repeating his description.

12. (transitive, intransitive, obsolete, rare) To return or repeat, as sound; to echo.
    • 1631, Francis [Bacon], “(please specify |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], 3rd edition, London: […] William Rawley; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], OCLC 1044372886:

      a church with windows only from above […] that reporteth the voice twelve or thirteen times

Conjugation

派生語

名詞

report (複数形 reports)

1. A piece of information describing, or an account of certain events given or presented to someone, with the most common adpositions being by (referring to creator of the report) and on (referring to the subject).

   A report by the telecommunications ministry on the phone network revealed a severe capacity problem.

   • 2011 December 16, Denis Campbell, “Hospital staff 'lack skills to cope with dementia patients'”, in Guardian‎^[1]:

     Hospitals are failing to care properly for the growing number of people with dementia, according to an NHS-funded report, which has prompted demands for big improvements to help patients.

2. Reputation.
   • 1609, William Shakespeare, “Sonnet 36”, in Shake-speares Sonnets. […], London: By G[eorge] Eld for T[homas] T[horpe] and are to be sold by William Aspley, OCLC 216596634:

     I love thee in such sort / As, thou being mine, mine is thy good report.

   • 1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide

     Certain it is that if he had been daft before, he now ran wild in his pranks, and an evil report of him was in every mouth.

3. (firearms) The sharp, loud sound from a gun or explosion.
   • 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, OCLC 57395299:

   • 1881–1882, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island, London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 14 November 1883, OCLC 702939134:

     […] a pistol-shot, flash and report, came from the hedge-side.

   • 1889, Ambrose Bierce, The Coup de Grâce:

     He knelt upon one knee, cocked the weapon, placed the muzzle against the man's forehead, and turning away his eyes pulled the trigger. There was no report. He had used his last cartridge for the horse.

4. An employee whose position in a corporate hierarchy is below that of a particular manager.

   Synonym: subordinate

派生語

• (piece of information): on report, report card, Gladue report
• (employee): direct report, indirect report

派生した語

• → Japanese: レポート (repōto), リポート (ripōto)

Further reading

• Report on Wikipedia.
• Report in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

アナグラム

• Perrot, Porter, perrot, porret, porter, pretor, proter, troper