bacillithiolとは 意味・読み方・使い方

Bacillithiol (BSH or Cys-GlcN-mal) is a thiol compound found in Bacillus species. Chemically, it is a glycoside formed between L-cysteinyl-D-glucosamine and malic acid. It was isolated and identified in 2009 from Staphylococcus aureus and Deinococcus radiodurans, although it was first detected in 2007, as an unidentified thiol in Bacillus anthracis. This thiol appears to participate in the sensing of peroxides by Bacillus, but may also substitute for glutathione, which is the most common intracellular thiol in other organisms. Some of genes involved in the biosynthesis of bacillithiol were identified and characterized in 2010. Bacteria engineered to be deficient in bacillithiol demonstrated increased sensitivity to various electrophilic xenobiotic compounds, including the antibiotic fosfomycin, suggesting that in these organisms the mechanism of fosfomycin resistance relies on the presence of bacillithiol.