genusとは |
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主な意味 | (動植物分類上の)属、種類、部類、類 |
音節 | ge・nus | 発音記号・読み方 |
genusの |
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genusの | レベル:10英検:1級以上の単語学校レベル:大学院以上の水準 |
研究社 新英和中辞典での「genus」の意味 |
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genus
生物: | generation generic genotype genus germ germ plasm hermaphrodite |
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Wiktionary英語版での「genus」の意味 |
genus
語源
Borrowed from Latin genus (“birth, origin, a race, sort, kind”) from the root gen- in Latin gignere, Old Latin gegnere (“to beget, produce”). Doublet of gender, genre, and kin.
発音
名詞
- (taxonomy) a rank in the classification of organisms, below family and above species; a taxon at that rank
- All magnolias belong to the genus Magnolia.
- Other species of the genus Bos are often called cattle or wild cattle.
- There are only two genera and species of seadragons.
- 1992, Rudolf M. Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, page 6
- Müller […] criticized the division of the "Jubuleae" into two families and he cited Jubula as an annectant genus.
- A group with common attributes.
- 1945, Bertrand Russell, A History of Western Philosophy, p. 655:
- Recollection is one of a whole genus of effects which are more or less peculiar to the phenomena that we naturally call "mental."
- 1945, Bertrand Russell, A History of Western Philosophy, p. 655:
- (topology, graph theory, algebraic geometry) A natural number representing any of several related measures of the complexity of a given manifold or graph.
- (semantics) Within a definition, a broader category of the defined concept.
下位語
- (topology, graph theory): Euler genus
派生語
関連する語
Further reading
語源 1
From Proto-Italic *genos, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os (“race”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to produce, beget”); compare also gēns, from the same root. Cognates include Ancient Greek γένος (génos, “race, stock, kin, kind”), Sanskrit जनस् (jánas, “race, class of beings”).
名詞
genus n (genitive generis); third declension
- birth, origin
- kind, type, class
- 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita libri 26.1
- huic generi militum senatus eundem, quem Cannensibus, finem statuerat militiae.
- For this class of soldier the senate had established a limit in duration to their military service, which was the same as the men at Cannae.
- huic generi militum senatus eundem, quem Cannensibus, finem statuerat militiae.
- species (of animal または plant), race (of people)
- set, group (with common attributes)
- (grammar) gender
- Andreas Semperius (Andreas Sampere, Andreu Sempere; 16th century): Andreae Semperii Valentini Alcodiani, doctoris medici, prima grammaticae latinae institutio tribus libris explicata, Majorca/Mallorca, 1819, p.19
- Genera nominum, septem sunt. Masculinum, cui praeponitur hic: ut hic Dominus. Foemineum, cui praeponitur haec: ut haec musa. Neutrum, cui praeponuntur hoc: ut hoc templum. Commune, cui praeponuntur hic, & haec: ut hic, & haec Sacerdos. Omne, cui praeponuntur hic, haec, hoc, vel per tres varias voces inflectitur: ut hic, haec, hoc felix, bonus, bona, bonum. Dubium, quod modo masculinum, modo faemineum, apud Oratores etiam invenitur: ut hic, vel haec dies. Promiscuum, in quo sexus uterque per alterum apparet: ut hic passer, haec aquila, hic lepus.
- Magnus Aurelius Cassiodorus (attributed): Commentarium de oratione et de octo partibus orationis. In: „Patrologiae cursus completus sive Bibliotheca universalis, integra, uniformis, commoda, oeconomica, omnium ss. patrum, doctorum scriptorumque ecclesiasticorum qui ab aevo apostolico ad innocentii III tempora floruerunt; […] . Series prima, in qua prodeunt patres, doctores scriptoresque ecclesiae latinae a tertulliano ad gregorium magnum. Accurante J.-P. Migne, cursuum completorum in singulos scientiae ecclesiaticae ramos editore. Patrologiae tomus LXX. Cassiodori tomus posterior. – Magni Aurelii Cassiodori senatoris, viri patricii, consularis, et vivariensis abbatis opera omnia in duos tomos distributa, ad fidem manuscriptiorum codicum emendata et aucta, notis, observationibus et indicibus locupletata, praecedente auctoris vita, quae nunc primum in lucem prodit cum dissertatione de ejus monarchatu. Opera et studio J. Garetii monarchi ordinis sancti Benedicti e congregatione sancti mauri. Nobis autem curantibus accesserunt complexiones in epistolas b. Pauli quas edidit et annotavit scipio Maffeius. Tomus posterior. – Parisiis, venit apud editorem, in via dicta d'amboise, près la barriere d'enfer, ou petit-montrouge. 1847“, p.1225
- Andreas Semperius (Andreas Sampere, Andreu Sempere; 16th century): Andreae Semperii Valentini Alcodiani, doctoris medici, prima grammaticae latinae institutio tribus libris explicata, Majorca/Mallorca, 1819, p.19
Inflection
Third declension neuter.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | genus | genera |
Genitive | generis | generum |
Dative | generī | generibus |
Accusative | genus | genera |
Ablative | genere | generibus |
Vocative | genus | genera |
下位語
- (grammar, genera nominum): [genus] fēminīnum, [genus] masculīnum, [genus] neutrum, genus commūne, genus omne
- (grammar, genera verborum): [genus] āctīvum, [genus] passīvum, [genus] neutrum, [genus] commūne, [genus] dēpōnēns, [genus] medium
派生語
派生した語
参照
- genus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- genus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- genus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
- Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- an Englishman by birth: natione, genere Anglus
- the position of the lower classes: condicio ac fortuna hominum infimi generis
- from this point of view; similarly: quo in genere
- from every point of view; looked at in every light: omni ex parte; in omni genere; omnibus rebus
- to be engaged in any branch of study: in aliquo litterarum genere versari
- the species is subordinate the genus: partes generibus subiectae sunt
- to differ qualitatively not quantitatively: genere, non numero or magnitudine differre
- this word is neuter: hoc vocabulum generis neutri (not neutrius) est)
- to be of noble family: generis antiquitate florere
- of illustrious family: nobili, honesto, illustri loco or genere natus
- people of every rank: homines omnis generis
- the aristocracy (as a social class): nobiles; nobilitas; qui nobilitate generis excellunt
- (ambiguous) the male, female sex: sexus (not genus) virilis, muliebris
- (ambiguous) to choose a career, profession: genus vitae (vivendi) or aetatis degendae deligere
- (ambiguous) to analyse a general division into its specific parts: genus universum in species certas partiri et dividere (Or. 33. 117)
- (ambiguous) to transplant to Rome one of the branches of poesy: poesis genus ad Romanos transferre
- (ambiguous) style: genus dicendi (scribendi); oratio
- (ambiguous) elevated, moderate, plain style: genus dicendi grave or grande, medium, tenue (cf. Or. 5. 20; 6. 21)
- (ambiguous) a running style: fusum orationis genus
- (ambiguous) a rough, unpolished style: inconditum dicendi genus (Brut. 69. 242)
- (ambiguous) a bombastic style: inflatum orationis genus
- (ambiguous) to adopt the language of everyday life: accedere ad cotidiani sermonis genus
- an Englishman by birth: natione, genere Anglus
-genus
語源
From gignō (“beget, give birth to”).
Inflection
First/second declension.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
nominative | -genus | -gena | -genum | -genī | -genae | -gena | |
genitive | -genī | -genae | -genī | -genōrum | -genārum | -genōrum | |
dative | -genō | -genō | -genīs | ||||
accusative | -genum | -genam | -genum | -genōs | -genās | -gena | |
ablative | -genō | -genā | -genō | -genīs | |||
vocative | -gene | -gena | -genum | -genī | -genae | -gena |
関連する語
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genusのページの著作権
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