unergativeとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From un- +‎ ergative, from the fact that in an ergative-absolutive language, the only case which uniquely identifies a volitional argument is the ergative case, which marks the agent of a transitive verb.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ʌnˈɜːɡətɪv/
• (米国発音) IPA: /ʌnˈɝɡətɪv/

形容詞

unergative (not comparable)

1. (linguistics, of a verb) Intransitive and having an agent as its subject.
   • 2000, Hans Bennis, “Adjectives and Argument Structure”, in Peter Coopmans, Martin Everaert, Jane Grimshaw, editors, Lexical Specification and Insertion (Current Issues in Linguistic Theory; 197), Amsterdam; Philadelphia, Pa.: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN, →ISSN, pages 27–28:

     In Section 1 I will discuss the existence of a class of ergative adjectives in Dutch […]. It will be demonstrated that there are a number of arguments supporting the claim that the class of adjectives should be divided into ergative and unergative adjectives. A large number of adjectives that are unergative according to the tests provided in Section 2 appear to be ergative with respect to their argument structure.

反意語

• unaccusative
• transitive

下位語

• intransitive

関連する語

• ergative

名詞

unergative (plural unergatives)

1. (linguistics) An unergative verb.
   • 1998, Eloise Jelinek, Voice and Transitivity as Functional Projections in Yaqui, in Miriam Butt and Wilhelm Geuder, eds., “The Projection of Arguments”

     We have seen that Unergatives and Unaccusatives differ in 1) permitting the derivation of an Impersonal Passive, and 2) in licensing purpose clauses, since Unergatives have active subjects, and Unaccusatives do not.

反意語

• unaccusative

参照

• “unergative verb” in the Lexicon of Linguistics (Utrecht institute of Linguistics)