英和和英

語源

Learned borrowing from Latin alternatio; compare French alternation. By surface analysis, alternate +‎ -ion.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈɒl.tə(ɹ)ˌneɪ.ʃən/
• (米国発音) IPA: /ˈɔl.tɚˌneɪ.ʃən/, /ˈɑl.tɚˌneɪ.ʃən/
• 韻: -eɪʃən

名詞

alternation (countable and uncountable, plural alternations)

1. The reciprocal succession of (normally two) things in time or place; the act of following and being followed by turns; alternate succession, performance, or occurrence

   the alternation of day and night

   alternation of summer and winter

   alternation between night shifts and day shifts

   alternation of feelings between hope and fear

2. (religion) The response of the congregation speaking alternately with the minister.
   • 1795, William Mason, Essays, Historical and Critical, on English Church Music:

     There are Anthems to be found amongst them , where every syllable has its just length ; each part of a sentence its proper pause : where the words are not confused by perplexing alternations, or rendered tedious by unnecessary repetitions

3. (phonology) Ablaut.
4. (linguistics) A pattern by which more than one construct is possible, as with "Alice cooked Bob dinner" and "Alice cooked dinner for Bob".

   dative alternation; locative alternation

5. (logic) The "inclusive or" truth function.
6. (mathematics) A sequence that alternates between positive and negative values.
7. (mathematics, proscribed) A permutation.
8. (computing) A construct in a regular expression that can match any of several specified subexpressions.
9. (geometry) A type of partial truncation of a polygon, polyhedron or tiling in which alternate vertices are removed.
   • 1932, Harold Scott Macdonald Coxeter, The densities of the regular polytopes, part 2, reprinted in 1995, F. Arthur Sherk, Peter Mcmullen, Anthony C. Thompson, Asia Ivić Weiss (editors), Kaleidoscopes: Selected Writings of H. S. M. Coxeter, page 54,

     This case suggests that the alternation of a polyhedron should be bounded by actual vertex figures and alternated faces. The case of the cube is in agreement with this notion, since the alternated square is nothing.

派生語