英和和英

語源

From Latin Elagabalus. The emperor is named for the deity, whose name is from a Semitic language and means "god of the mountain"; see the Latin entry for more.

発音

• (米国発音) enPR: ĕl'əgăbʹələs, IPA: /ˌɛləˈɡæbələs/
• ハイフネーション: El‧a‧gab‧a‧lus

固有名詞

Elagabalus

1. The deity Elagabal, venerated in ancient times at Emesa in Syria (and later elsewhere in the Roman Empire), identified with a large black stone.
   • 1958, Ivar Lissner, Power and Folly: The Story of the Caesars:

     Elagabalus, who was a Sun-god and the patron deity of Emesa, was worshipped   […]

   • 2019, Elias Koulakiotis, Charlotte Dunn, Political Religions in the Greco-Roman World, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, →ISBN, page 111:

     Obviously, they hoped to conceal the failure of their unhappy experiment in emperorship before, when they stressed the priesthood of Syrian Emesa's main deity Elagabalus as the key factor […]

2. (Ancient Rome) The Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus (reigned 218–222), noted for eccentricity, femininity, decadence, and disregard for Roman religious traditions and sexual taboos.
   • 2023 November 24, Esther Addley, “Was Roman emperor Elagabalus really trans – and does it really matter?”, in The Guardian‎, →ISSN:

     Racial prejudice also played a part, says Icks: before coming to Rome to rule it, Elagabalus was a priest in an obscure cult in Syria that venerated a black stone meteorite – a culture that would have been deeply strange to the Romans.

同意語

• Heliogabalus

参照

語源

The emperor/empress is named after the deity, whose name is from a Semitic language, variously suggested to be (a dialectal variant of) Arabic إِلٰه جَبَل (ʔilāh jabal, “god of the mountain”) or Classical Syriac ܐܠܗܓܒܠ (ʾĔlāhgabāl, “deity of the mountain”), possibly through Ancient Greek Ἐλαγάβαλος (Elagábalos). Ultimately from Proto-Semitic *ʾil-.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ɛ.ɫaˈɡa.ba.ɫʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [e.laˈɡaː.ba.lus]

固有名詞

Elagabalus m sg (genitive Elagabalī); second declension

1. the deity Elagabal, venerated in ancient times at Emesa in Syria (and later elsewhere in the Roman Empire), identified with a large black stone
2. the Roman emperor (or empress) Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus (reigned 218–222), noted for eccentricity, femininity, decadence, and disregard for Roman religious traditions and sexual taboos

語形変化

Second-declension noun, singular only.

派生した語

• → English: Elagabalus
• Italian: Elagabalo
• Middle French: Elagabale
  • French: Élagabale
• Portuguese: Elagábalo
• Spanish: Elagábalo

Further reading

• “Elăgăbălus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.