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日本語WordNet(英和)
Augustus
名詞
Wiktionary英語版
出典：Wiktionary
augustus
語源
From Proto-Italic *augostos (“amplified, increased, augmented, strengthened”), from *augos (“an increase, augmentation”) + *-tos, an old neuter s-stem formed to the root of Latin augeō (“I increase, enlarge”). Its descendant appears in Classical Latin as augur, auguris with shifted gender/sense ("augur") and levelling of the -r-.[1][2] The month sextīlis was renamed after the emperor Caesar Augustus.
発音
形容詞
augustus (feminine augusta, neuter augustum, 比較級 augustior, 最上級 augustissimus); first/second-declension adjective
使用する際の注意点
- Originally a word of religious use, but given as a title to the emperor Augustus.
- In Latin, the month names are used as adjectives. In the Classical period, this adjective modifies a noun identifying a particular day, from which the date was reckoned. In Medieval Latin and later periods, the adjective modifies a numeral for the day of the month.
語形変化
First/second-declension adjective.
| Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
| Nominative | augustus | augusta | augustum | augustī | augustae | augusta | |
| Genitive | augustī | augustae | augustī | augustōrum | augustārum | augustōrum | |
| Dative | augustō | augustō | augustīs | ||||
| Accusative | augustum | augustam | augustum | augustōs | augustās | augusta | |
| Ablative | augustō | augustā | augustō | augustīs | |||
| Vocative | auguste | augusta | augustum | augustī | augustae | augusta | |
派生した語
- Latin: agustus (see there for further descendants)
These borrowings are ultimately but perhaps not directly from Latin. They are organized into geographical and language family groups, not by etymology.
- Africa
- Americas
- Greenlandic: aggusti
- Inuktitut: ᐋᒡᒋᓯ (aaccisi)
- Asia and Oceania
- Europe
- → Ancient Greek: Αὔγουστος (Aúgoustos)
- Byzantine Greek: Αὔγουστος (Aúgoustos)
- → Aghwan: ������������������ (awgusṭos)
- → Coptic: ⲁⲩⲅⲟⲩⲥⲧⲟⲥ (augoustos)
- → Old Armenian: օգոստոս (ōgostos), Օգոստոս (Ōgostos)
- Basque: abuztu
- Hungarian: augusztus
- Baltic
- Latvian: augusts
- Livonian: ougust
- Old Prussian: August
- Germanic
- Alemannic German: Ougschte, Ouguscht
- Bavarian: August
- Central Franconian: Aujuss
- Cimbrian: agòsten
- Danish: august
- Dutch: augustus
- Afrikaans: Augustus
- Negerhollands: august
- →? Caribbean Hindustani: agast
- → Caribbean Javanese: agustus
- → Indonesian: Agustus
- → Papiamentu: ougùstùs
- → Sranan Tongo: augustus
- → Trió: ahkëtë
- Faroese: august
- German: August
- German Low German: August
- Icelandic: ágúst
- Limburgish: egóstös
- Middle Dutch: ogest
- Dutch: oogst
- Limburgish: ougs
- North Frisian: august
- Mòcheno: agst
- Norwegian: august
- Pennsylvania German: Auguscht
- Saterland Frisian: August
- Swedish: augusti
- West Flemish: ogustus
- West Frisian: augustus
- Yiddish: אויגוסט (oygust)
- Romance
- Slavic
- → Ancient Greek: Αὔγουστος (Aúgoustos)
参考
- Augustus
- Roman calendar on Wikipedia.
参照
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “augeō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 61–62
- ^ Moreno Morani (1984), “Augurium augur augustus: una questione di metodo”, in Glotta (in Italian), volume 62, →JSTOR, pages 65–71
Further reading
- “augustus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “augustus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- augustus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius かつ others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- augustus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- “augustus”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia[1]
- “augustus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “augustus”, in William Smith, editor (1848) A Dictionary of Greek Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
- “augustus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
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