英和和英

語源

From 中期英語 dessendaunte, borrowed from Middle French, from Latin dēscendēns, present participle of descendere, from dē + scandere (“to climb, ascend”).

発音

• (英国発音, 米国発音, Canada) IPA: /dɪˈsɛndənt/
• (General Australian) IPA: /dɪˈsendənt/
• ハイフネーション: des‧cen‧dant
• 韻: -ɛndənt

形容詞

descendant (not comparable)

1. Descending; going down.

   The elevator resumed its descendant trajectory.

   • 1830, Thomas Robson (engraver.), The British herald, or Cabinet of armorial bearings of the nobility & gentry of Great Britain & Ireland, page 14:

     Eagle descendant, or descending. See DESCENDANT, and Pl. 22, fig. 6. Eagle descendant, displayed. See Pl. 22, fig. 7. Eagle displayed, recursant. See DISPLAYED RECURSANT, and Pl. 22, […]

   • 1984, Charles A. Ravenstein, Air Force combat wings: lineage and honors histories 1947-1977, DIANE Publishing, →ISBN, page 259:

     Azure, surmounting a cloud argent, an American eagle descendant, wings endorsed proper, between his beak four lightning streaks, […]

2. Descending from a biological ancestor.

   Power in the kingdom is transferred in a descendant manner.

   • 1892, Arthur Dillon, Gods and Men, page 214:

     Pitiable sportster, / To choose thy prey so humbly, to seduce / A beggar wench who hath not the high pride / Descendant still from kingly ancestors, / To keep her royal place.

3. Proceeding from a figurative ancestor or source.

使用する際の注意点

See descendent § Usage notes.

別の表記

• descendent

反意語

• ascendant, ascendent, ascending
• (antonym(s) of “heraldry”): montant

関連する語

• descendancy

名詞

descendant (plural descendants)

1. One of the progeny of a specified person, at any distance of time or through any number of generations.

   Antonyms: ancestor, progenitor; forefather, foremother

   Hypernym: successor

   Meronyms: issue, line, progeny; family; clan

   The patriarch survived many descendants: five children, a dozen grandchildren, even a great grandchild.

2. (figuratively) A thing that derives directly from a given precursor or source.

   This famous medieval manuscript has many descendants.

3. (biology) A later evolutionary type.

   Dogs evolved as descendants of early wolves.

4. (linguistics) A language that is descended from another.

   English and Scots are the descendants of Old English.

5. (linguistics) A word or form in one language that is descended from a counterpart in an ancestor language.

   Synonyms: reflex, derivative

   Antonym: etymon

   Coordinate term: cognate

   • 1993, Jens Elmegård Rasmussen, “The Slavic i-verbs with an excursus on the Indo-European ē-verbs”, in Bela Brogyanyi, Reiner Lipp, editors, Comparative-Historical Linguistics, John Benjamins Publishing, →ISBN, page 479:

     The direct descendant of this form is the Slavic aorist: Sb.-Cr. nȍsī, dȍnosī.

6. (astrology) The intersection of the western (setting) horizon and the ecliptic, its ecliptical longitude; the astrological sign it corresponds to.

使用する際の注意点

The adjective may be spelled either with ant or ent as the final syllable (see descendent). The noun may be spelled only with ant.

同意語

• (offspring): afterbear, offspring, scion, and see Thesaurus:child & relative

反意語

• ascendant
• ancestor
• forebear

派生語

参考

• offspring
• offshoot
• progeny