英和和英

語源

From French antonyme (1840s and 1850s), which was modeled on earlier synonyme and influenced by the etymons of Ancient Greek ἀντωνυμία (antōnumía, “pronoun”); credit for popularization of the French loanword's naturalization into English is given principally to Charles John Smith and his 1867 book Synonyms and Antonyms: Or, Kindred Words and Their Opposites. Collected and Contrasted. By surface analysis, ant- +‎ -onym.

発音

• enPR: ǎnt′ənĭm'
• IPA: /ˈæn.təˌnɪm/
• 韻: -ɪm

名詞

antonym (plural antonyms)

1. (semantics) A word which has the opposite meaning of another word.

   Synonyms: counterterm, opposite

   Antonym: synonym

   Coordinate terms: near-antonym; coordinate term, cohyponym; antiphrasis; near-synonym, parasynonym, plesionym

   “Rich” is an antonym of “poor”; “full” is an antonym of “empty”.

   1. A word that describes one end of a scale, while its opposite describes the other end, such as large versus small; a gradable antonym.
      • 2005, Andrew John Merrison, Aileen Bloomer, Patrick Griffiths, Christopher J. Hall, Introducing Language in Use‎, page 111:

        All four lines of the pattern are required to establish that hot and cold are antonyms.
        The water is hot entails The water is not cold.
        The water is cold entails The water is not hot.
        The water is not hot does not entail The water is cold.
        The water is not cold does not entail The water is hot.

      • 2008 October 14, Chris Baltimore, “FEATURE-Oil dollars help Houston dodge U.S. economic woes”, in Reuters‎:

        "The word 'boom' always makes me uneasy because the antonym of it is bust," said Patrick Jankowski, vice president of research at the Greater Houston Partnership. "Houston is not in a boom -- it is on a new path."

      • 2024 April 6, Isabelle Yr Carlsson, “Denmark shuts down cannabis street in Christiania hippie enclave”, in Reuters‎:

        "To me, Pusher Street is actually the least unique, right? It is what I associate with violence, gangs, murder, threats, and everything which are actually antonyms to what Christiania is," said Mathilde Brandstrup, a Christiania local.

派生語

参考

• Wiktionary:Semantic relations

参照

Further reading

• antonym on Wikipedia.Wikipedia