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出典:『Wikipedia』 (2011/08/03 00:13 UTC 版)

英語による解説

引用

Gasoline ( /ˈgæsəliːn/), or petrol ( /ˈpɛtrəl/), is a toxic translucent, yellow-tinted liquid mixture, derived from petroleum, which is primarily used as a fuel in internal combustion engines. It is also used as a solvent, mainly known for its ability to dilute paints. It consists mostly of aliphatic hydrocarbons obtained by the fractional distillation of petroleum, enhanced with isooctane or the aromatic hydrocarbons toluene and benzene to increase its octane rating. Small quantities of various additives are common, for the purposes of tuning engine performance or reducing harmful exhaust emissions. Some mixtures also contain significant quantities of ethanol as a partial alternative fuel. In North America, the term used is "gasoline", often shortened in colloquial usage to "gas", whereas most current or former Commonwealth nations, use the term "petrol". Under normal ambient conditions its material state is liquid and not a true gas as opposed to liquefied petroleum gas or "natural gas".