英和和英

別の表記

• (from Russian) Khar'kov, Kharkov, Char'kov, Charkov, Har'kov, Harkov

語源

From Ukrainian Ха́рків (Xárkiv), from Old Ruthenian Ха́рьковъ (Xárʹkov) (compare Russian Ха́рьков (Xárʹkov), whence English Kharkov). The city is named after the Kharkiv River. A folk etymology says the city and river are named after a Cossack called Харко́ (Xarkó), from Харько́ (Xarʹkó), from Greek Χαρίτων (Charíton), but there is no hard evidence supporting this.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈxɑːkiːv/ (closest to the original Ukrainian)
  • with /h/ IPA: /ˈhɑːkiːv/, /ˈhɑːkɪv/, /hɑːˈkiːv/
  • with /k/ IPA: /ˈkɑːkiːv/, /ˈkɑːkɪv/, /kɑːˈkiːv/
• (米国発音) IPA: /ˈxɑɹkiv/ (closest to the original Ukrainian)
  • with /h/ IPA: /ˈhɑɹkiv/, /ˈhɑɹkɪv/, /hɑɹˈkiv/
  • with /k/ IPA: /ˈkɑɹkiv/, /ˈkɑɹkɪv/, /kɑɹˈkiv/
• ハイフネーション: Khar‧kiv

固有名詞

Kharkiv

1. (city) An industrial city, the administrative centre of Kharkiv Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, in eastern Ukraine.
   • 2024 September 4th, Vitali Vitaliev, “A salute to Ukraine’s ‘Second Army’”, in RAIL, number 1017, page 46:

     As a schoolboy in the Soviet Ukraine’s second largest city of Kharkiv, (it was then spelled Kharkov in line with the all-permeating ‘Russification’), I was a railway buff.

2. (district) A raion of Kharkiv Oblast, in eastern Ukraine. Seat: Kharkiv.
3. (province) An oblast in eastern Ukraine. Seat: Kharkiv.
   • 2022 October 17, Ivana Kottasová, “‘Kamikaze’ drones are the latest threat for Ukraine. Here’s what we know”, in CNN‎:

     But Ukraine claimed its forces had shot down one of these drones for the first time last month near the city of Kupyansk in Kharkiv.

   • 2024 May 26, “Reporting from Ukraine” (channel name), 25 May: Ukrainians NULLIFY BRAND NEW RUSSIAN ENCIRCLEMENT OPERATION | War in Ukraine Explained, via YouTube, 2:23–2:44:

     The Russian military command likely chose the seizure of Vovchansk as one of the key tactical objectives of the first phase of the offensive operation in northern Kharkiv Oblast, since Vovchansk is the largest settlement immediately on the border that would provide Russian forces a staging ground close to the Russian rear to prepare for and launch the second phase of the Russian offensive operation.

   • 2025 April 23, Torsten Heinrich, “Trump wants Ukraine’s Capitulation. He won’t get it. Ukraine SITREP”, in Military & History, via YouTube, 4:21–4:37:

     We switch to the developments along the front line and, uh, the Ukrainians are reporting that the Russians do reconnaissance forces… send reconnaissance forces over the border in Chernihiv, in Sumy, as well as in Kharkiv, so basically along the whole northern border.

4. (river) A river in eastern Ukraine.
5. (Can we verify this sense?) (astronomy) Ellipsis of 9167 Kharkiv: an asteroid in Asteroid Belt, Solar System.

参考

• (city): Kharkiv on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• (raion): Kharkiv Raion on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• (oblast): Kharkiv Oblast on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• (river): Kharkiv River on Wikipedia.Wikipedia