英和和英

発音

• enPR: fāz, IPA: /feɪz/
• 韻: -eɪz
• ハイフネーション: phase
• Homophone: faze

名詞

phase (plural phases)

1. A distinguishable part of a sequence or cycle occurring over time.
   • 1934, Ernest Bramah, The Bravo of London:

     It would have been a simple enough move to warn the firm, but Max Carrados's interest lay in the phase of crime rather than in forestalling it, and on that score he had little tangible as yet […]

2. That which is exhibited to the eye; the appearance which anything manifests, especially any one among different and varying appearances of the same object.
3. Any appearance or aspect of an object of mental apprehension or view.

   The problem has many phases.

4. (astronomy) A particular appearance or state in a regularly recurring cycle of changes with respect to quantity of illumination or form, or the absence, of a body's illuminated disk. Illustrated in Wikipedia's article Lunar phase.

   the phases of the moon

5. (physics) Any one point or portion in a recurring series of changes, as in the changes of motion of one of the particles constituting a wave or vibration; one portion of a series of such changes, in distinction from a contrasted portion, as the portion on one side of a position of equilibrium, in contrast with that on the opposite side.
6. (chemistry) A component in a material system that is distinguished by chemical composition and/or physical state (solid, liquid or gas) and/or crystal structure. It is delineated from an adjoining phase by an abrupt change in one or more of those conditions.
7. (zoology) In certain organisms, one of two or more colour variations characteristic of the species, but independent of the ordinary seasonal and sexual differences, and often also of age.
8. (rugby union) The period of play between consecutive breakdowns.
   • 2011 September 24, Ben Dirs, “Rugby World Cup 2011: England 67-3 Romania”, in BBC Sport‎:

     When Romania did manage to string together some phases midway through the first half, England's discipline held firm, although on the whole it was a less focused display from the Six Nations champions in the second half.

9. (genetics) A haplotype.
10. (mathematics) The counterclockwise angle from the positive half of the real number line to the vector pointing to a complex number on an Argand diagram of the complex plane, which has the positive real line pointing right and the positive imaginary number line pointing up.

    Synonym: argument

11. (music) A distortion caused by a difference in the speed of propagation for different frequencies
12. (electrical engineering) In a polyphase electrical power system, one of the power-carrying conductors, or the alternating current carried by it.

    Synonym: line conductor

派生語

参照

• phase on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

動詞

phase (third-person singular simple present phases, present participle phasing, simple past and past participle phased)

1. (with in or out) To begin—if construed with "in"—or to discontinue—if construed with out—(doing) something over a period of time (i.e. in phases).

   The use of the obsolete machines was gradually phased out as the new models were phased in.

2. (genetics, informal, transitive) To determine haplotypes in (data) when genotypes are known.
3. To pass into or through a solid object.
   • 1997, P. Lunenfeld, “Hybrid Architectures and the Paradox of Unfolding”, in Intelligent Environments: Spatial Aspects of the Information Revolution, →ISBN, page 443:

     Anyone who has lost their way in cyberspace—realizing they have just phased into what they had previously categorized as 'solid' matter—will understand this example.

   • 2004, Paul Ruditis, Star Trek: Enterprise: Shockwave, →ISBN, page 100:

     Archer took a deep breath and, steeling himself for the bizarre experience, carefully walked to the bulkhead and phased through.

   • 2011, Timothy Callahan, Grant Morrison: The Early Years, →ISBN, page 93:

     Intangible or invisible objects in comic books are often drawn with a dotted line. When Kitty Pryde of the X-Men phases through objects, she's drawn that way, and Wonder Woman's invisible plan[sic] used to be drawn that way as well.

4. (science fiction) To use a phaser.

下位語

• phase in
• phase out

派生語

• phaseable
• rephase
• unphased

語源 2

動詞

phase (third-person singular simple present phases, present participle phasing, simple past and past participle phased)

1. (proscribed) Alternative spelling of faze

使用する際の注意点

See notes at faze.

語源 3

From Latin phase (“passover”), Phasa, from Hebrew פָּסַח (pésach).

別の表記

• Phase

固有名詞

phase

1. (obsolete) Passover

参照

アナグラム

• HEPAs, Heaps, ephas, heaps, shape

語源

From Ancient Greek φασέκ (phasék, “Passover”), from a Semitic language.

名詞

phase n (indeclinable)

1. Passover
2. the Passover sacrifice; Paschal Lamb

同意語

• pascha

派生した語

• Old English: phase

参照

• “Phase”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press