英和和英

読み方 めい

接頭詞

Noted; famous; renowned; celebrated:（より）god; great

用例

• 名馬
  a good steed
  a Bucephalus

• 名判官
  a great judge
  a second Daniel
  a second Ooka
• 名案
  a good plan

読み方 めい

接尾助数詞

Number of persons

用例

• 死者十名負傷者五十名
  There were 10 killed and 50 wounded.

• 一学級の生徒数は五十名に制限されている
  A class is restricted to 50 students.

読み方 な

名詞

1

（＝名前、姓名）a name

用例

• 名を言う
  to mention names

• その人の名は言わぬ
  I will not mention his name
  He shall be nameless.
• 名を言ってはいかん
  You must not mention names.
• 彼は自分の名を言わなかった
  He did not give his name.
• 名は言わないがある人がそう言った
  A certain person, who shall be nameless, said so.
• 君の名は何と言うか
  What is your name?
• 君の名は何と言ったっけね
  What is your name again?
• John Smith という名の英国人だ
  It is an Englishman, named John Smith―of the name of John Smith―by the name of John Smith―John Smith by name.
• 彼は Jack という名で通っている
  He goes by the name of Jack.
• 名を出すのか
  Will you give your name?
• 名を出したくない
  I don't like to give my name
  I wish to remain anonymous.
• 僕は生徒の顔は知っているが名は知らぬ
  I know the students by sight, but not by name.
• 彼は生徒の名を一々知っている
  He knows every student by name.
• 人の名を呼ぶ
  to call a man by name
• 名を呼ばれた時は胸騒ぎがした
  When I heard myself called by name,
  When I heard my name called,
  I felt a flutter in my breast.
• 彼は僕の名で金を借りおった
  He has been borrowing money in my name.
• 息子の名で商売をしている
  The business is carried on in the son's name.
• 子どもに名を付ける
  to name a child―christen a child
• 子どもに太郎という名を付けました
  We have named the boy Taro.
• 彼は「隆盛」と名を変えた
  He changed his name to Takamori.
• 彼は新聞に名の出るのをいやがる
  He dislikes to be mentioned in the papers.
• 事業に名を貸す
  to lend one's name to a project
• 人の名を借りて出版する
  to publish a book in another's name
• 学籍に名を置く
  to keep one's name on the books
• 学籍の名を削る
  to strike one's name off the books
• 名を指す
  to name a person―designate a person―want one by name
• 名を指しては言わなかった
  He did not name the person.
• 名を指しては言わぬ
  I will not mention names.
• 名は指さないがさる人がそう言った
  A certain person whom I will not name―who shall be nameless―said so.
• 名を指して人を呼ぶ
  to call a man by name―want a man by name
• 名を一々読み上げる
  to call over the names―call the roll
• 名を偽る
  to assume a false name
• 名を偽って入会した
  He joined the society under a false name―under an assumed name.
• 人の名を騙る
  to assume another's name―personate a man
• 彼は名を騙って金を取りに来た
  He came to obtain money under an assumed name.
• 人死して名を残す
  A man leaves his name behind him.
• 歴史や文学に名を残す
  to leave one's mark on history or literature
• 後世に名を残す
  to leave one's name to posterity
• 名が残る
  One lives in the memory of men―lives in song and story.

2

（＝名称）a name; a title; a style; a designation; a denomination; an appellation

用例

• 今度の学校はまだ名を決めない
  We have not yet decided upon the name for the new school.

• 学校に何という名を付けようか
  What shall we name the school?
• ご新著はどういう名ですか
  What is the title of your new work?
• 本は「東京穴捜し」という名です
  The book is entitled “The Dark Side of Tokyo.”
• そりゃ本には好い名だ
  It is a good title for a book.
• 日本では軍艦に山や河の名を付ける
  Japanese warships are named after mountains and rivers.
• 名の付けようの無い物だ
  It is a nondescript.
• 男と名の付く者はことごとく召集される
  Everybody that comes under the name of man, will be called out.
• 名に背く
  to belie its names
• 東洋の英国はその名に背かず
  The England of the East is true to her name.
• 日本は東洋の英国の名に背かぬ
  Japan merits the name of “the England of the East.”

3

（＝実に対する名）the name; the fame

用例

• 名は実を顕わす
  The name should show the reality.

• 名はその実に過ぐ（実は名に及ばず）
  The fame outruns the reality
  The reality falls short of the fame.
• 名のみで実が無い
  in name, but not in reality―in name, but not in deed
• 学者とは名ばかり
  He is a scholar only in name―in nothing but the name.
• 名ばかりの（有名無実の）王だ
  He is a king only in name―a nominal king―a titular king.
• Cromwell は王という名が無いばかりですべての実を備えておった（有実無名）
  Cromwell was all but a king―a king in all but the name.
• 彼は名ばかりの社長だ
  He is a nominal president―a titular president―a dummy president.

4

（＝名声）a name; a reputation; fame; note; renown; celebrity; distinction

用例

• 名の有る人だ
  He is a noted man―a famous man―a renowned man―a celebrated man―a man of note.

• 世界に名が有る
  He enjoys a world-wide fame.
• 彼は博学をもって名あり（有名）
  He is noted for erudition―renowned for erudition―celebrated for erudition.
• 正直をもって名あり（正直という評判）
  He has a name for honesty―the name of being honest―a reputation for honesty―the reputation of being honest―a character for honesty―the character of being honest―a credit for honesty―the credit of being honest.
• 名も無き人だ
  He is a nameless man―a man unknown to fame―an obscure individual―a nobody.
• （天下に）名を揚げる
  to win fame―win renown―win distinction―win a reputation―win laurels―reap laurels―win one's spurs―distinguish oneself―make a name in the world―make a noise in the world―make a name for oneself―make one's mark
• 彼は学者として名を揚げた
  He made himself famous as a scholar.
• 彼はいつの間にか名が揚がった
  He awoke, one bright morning, to find himself famous.
• 彼は天下に名を揚げんと志している
  He aspires after fame.
• 名を後世に伝える
  to hand down one's name to posterity―transmit one's name to posterity―immortalize one's name
• その名は後世に伝わらん
  His name will be handed down to posterity
  His name will be immortal.
• 不朽の名
  an immortal name
  an undying name
  an enduring fame
• 名を不朽に伝える
  to immortalize one's name―perpetuate one's name―win immortal fame―achieve immortality
• その名は不朽に伝わらん
  His name will be immortal.
• 名を竹帛に垂る
  to leave one's mark on history―figure in history
• その名は天下に轟く
  his fame rings through the world―（というよりも第二構文の方が普通）―The world rings with his fame.
• 彼は名が売れている、名が聞こえている
  He is well known.
• 名が売れておらぬ、名が聞こえておらぬ
  He is unknown―unknown to fame.
• 名を売る
  to win a reputation―win fame―win renown
• 彼はこの本で名を売った
  This book won him a reputation.
• 世界に名を売っている
  He has won a world-wide fame.
• 若い学者は名を売ろうとする
  Young scholar thirst for fame.
• 大将は日露戦争で名を顕わした
  The general won distinction in the Russo-Japanese War.
• 彼は政界に名を知られている
  He is well known in the political circles.
• 小説家として名を成した
  He made himself famous as a novelist.
• 正直という名を取った
  He established a reputation for honesty―established a character for honesty.
• 名をむさぼる
  to covet fame
• 名をあさる
  to follow fame―follow glory
• 名を争う
  to contend for fame
• 人は一代名は末代
  A man lives but for one generation, but his name may live for ever
  Man is mortal, but fame is immortal.
• 名を取るより得を取れ
  “Pudding rather than praise.”【イディオム・格言的】

5

（＝名誉）honour; reputation

用例

• 名を重んずる
  to value honour

• 武士は生命よりも名を重んずる
  The samurai values honour above life.
• 日本人は名を重んずる（恥を知る）
  The Japanese are （keenly） alive to the feeling of honour.
• 名を重んずる人
  a man of honour
• 名にかかわることだ
  The matter concerns my honour
  My honour is concerned
  My honour is at stake.
• 弁明しておかないと名にかかわる
  I must clear myself, for my honour is at stake.
• そんなことをすると名にかかわるぞ（李下の冠）
  You will compromise your honour.
• 君はあんなことを聞き捨てにすると名にかかわるぞ
  If you pass over such a remark in silence, it will endanger your reputation―your reputation will suffer.
• 名をけがす
  to sully one's honour―soil one's reputation―disgrace oneself―bring disgrace on oneself
• 家の名をけがさぬようにせよ
  See that you do not disgrace your family―dishonour your family―bring dishonour on your family―bring disgrace on your family―cast a blot on the family escutcheon.
• 名を惜しむ
  to be jealous of one's honour―be tender of one's honour
• 槍は錆びても名は錆びぬ
  My sword may rust, but I keep my honour bright.

6

（＝名義、口実）a pretence; a pretext; a plea; a justification

用例

• 彼は病気を名として面会を謝絶した
  He declined to see me on the pretence of illness―under pretence of illness―on the pretext of illness―under pretext of illness―on the plea of illness―under plea of illness.

• 彼らは伝道の名の下に（伝道の名に隠れて）国を取った
  They conquered countries under colour of religion―under the mask of religion―under the cloak of religion.
• 名の無い軍
  an unjustifiable war