英和和英

語源

From the neuter plural of Late Latin ceresium, from cerasium, from Ancient Greek κεράσιον (kerásion, “cherry”), from Ancient Greek κερασός (kerasós, “bird cherry”), and ultimately possibly of Anatolian origin.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: /keˈre.si.a/, [kɛˈrɛs̠iä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /t͡ʃeˈre.si.a/, [t͡ʃeˈrɛːs̬iä]

名詞

ceresia f (genitive ceresiae); first declension (Late Latin)

1. cherry
   • 200s, Quintus Gargilius Martialis De pomis seu medicina ex pomis 16 ed. Angelo Mai Operis deperditi de hortis Fragmenta ex codicibus Neapolitano et Romano cum scholiis palaeographicis et adnotationibus Rome 1846 p. 76 = Classici auctores e Vaticanicis codicibus editi. Tomus III Rome 1831 p. 422

     Ceresiā viride pomum ventrem humectat et provocat; aridum siccat ac detinet: viride stomacho contrarium est, siccum utile. In hoc pomo tres inesse virtutes suspicamur. In quibusdam sapor austerus est, in aliis acidus, in aliis dulcis. Austerae ventrem constringunt, stomachum confortant. Acidae iudicantur flegmate habundantibus stomachis opportunae: nam magis siccant et crassitudinem dentium orisque humorem incidunt. Dulces stomacho contrariae. Citius autem praenestinae fluunt. Gummus earum ore detentus et gluttiendus arteriam linit, vetustissimam tussem conpescit: cum mero potatus calculos frangit.

     The fresh fruit from the cherry moistens the maw and stimulates; dry it desiccates and draws back: the fresh fruit is bad for the stomach and the dry one good. In this fruit we believe to be three virtues. In some the taste is bitter, in some sour, in some sweet. The bitter ones constrict the belly, strengthen the stomach. The sour ones are said to fit stomachs abundating in phlegm: for they desiccate more and cut off the thickness of the teeth and humour of the mouth. The sweet ones are bad for the stomach. However the Praenestinian ones flow faster. Their gum, held in the mouth and swallowed, covers the arteries, constrains the oldest cough: drunk with unmixed wine it breaks the calculi.

語形変化

First-declension noun.

関連する語

• cerasus

派生した語

• Eastern Romance
  • Aromanian: cireashã, tsireashi, cireashi, tsireashã, tseriashã, chirashã, chirashe
  • Megleno-Romanian: cireașcă
  • Romanian: cireașă
    • → Bulgarian: череша (čereša)
• Franco-Provençal: ceriése, ceriésa, cerije, çrije, çrisa, ceriéje, ciriéje
• Gallo-Italic
  • Emilian: sresa, siresa
  • Ligurian: çêxa
  • Lombard: saresa, seresa, siresa
  • Piedmontese: seresa, siresa, sresa
  • Romagnol: sresa, srisa
• Italo-Dalmatian
  • Corsican: chjarasgia
  • Dalmatian: cris
  • Istriot: sareza
  • Italian: ciliegia, ciriegia, ceregia, saragia
  • Neapolitan: cerasa

    Tarantino: ceráse

  • Sicilian: cirasa
    • → Maltese: ċirasa
• Oïl
  • Old French: cerise (see there for further descendants)
  • Old Northern French: cherise (see there for further descendants)
• Rhaeto-Romance
  • Friulian: cjariese, ceriese
  • Romansch: tscharescha, tscherescha (Sursilvan), tschariescha (Sutsilvan, Surmiran), tschirescha (Puter, Vallader)
• Occitano-Romance
  • Catalan: cirera, cidera, cilera, cira
  • Occitan:

    Auvergnat: celeira, celira

    Gascon: ceriesa, cerisa, cerilha, cerida, çrisa, çrilha, cerija, cereja, çrija, cesira, cerida

    Languedocien: cerièra, cirera, cerièira, cirèira, cièira, cedièira, cilèira, celèira, celhèira, cilhèira, cerèija, cirèia

    Limousin: cireisa, cireija, cireia

    Provençal: cerieisa, cerieia, cerièira, cerisa

    Vivaro-Alpine: cereisa, cerieisa, ceriesa, ceriera, ciriesa, ceresa, cieresa, cireisa

• Sardinian: carésia, cerésia, cheréssia, ceréxia
• Venetan: sareza, sarexa
  • →? Istriot: sareza
• West Iberian
  • Aragonese: ciresa
  • Old Leonese:
    • Asturian: cereza, zreza

      Occidental: cereiza, zreiza

    • Leonese: zreisa, cereisa, zreiza
    • Mirandese: cereija
  • Old Spanish: ceresa
    • Spanish: cereza
      • → Tagalog: seresa
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: cereija
    • Galician: cereixa, cireixa, zreixa, cereija, cereja, zreija
    • Portuguese: cereja, cereija, sareija
      • → Hunsrik: Sëreesch
• Borrowings
  • → Albanian: qershi
  • → Basque: gerezi
  • → Proto-Brythonic: *kėres (see there for further descendants)
  • → Proto-West Germanic: *kirsijā (see there for further descendants)
  • → Proto-Slavic: *čèršьňa (possibly via Germanic) (see there for further descendants)